Development of a slovenian version of the pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI‐SLO) for use with older adults

Abstract

Background: Poor sleep quality predicts poor quality of life, poor self-rated health, and chronic diseases and mental disorders among older adults. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is the most widely used self-report measure of sleep quality in older adults. Objectives: This study aimed to assess internal reliability, face validity, content validity and internal consistency of the Slovenian version of the PSQI (PSQI-SLO) for sleep quality in older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used to evaluate content and face validity as well as reliability (ɑ, ω and item-total correlations). Residents of 13 nursing homes and community-dwelling older adults from all regions of Slovenia were sampled. A total of 831 participants aged 65 years and older participated in the study between March and August 2019. Results: All items were successfully translated to Slovenian. A minor cultural adaptation was made to improve the clarity of the meaning of all items. None of the items had an item content validity index (I-CVI) score lower than 0.50. Kappa indices were excellent for half of the items and good for the remainder. Internal consistency agreed with prior research (ɑ = 0.74). Intraclass correlation coefficient for global PSQI-SLO was 0.62 (p < 0.001). The total score of PSQI-SLO (8.09 ± 3.64 (95%, CI = 7.85-8.34))was expected and comparable. Fifty-eight and four tenths' per cent (95%, CI = 55%-62%) had at least one chronic disease and 40% (95%, CI = 37%-42%) lived in a nursing home.Conclusions: PSQI-SLO showed adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and adequate construct and criterion validity. The instrument can be important in assessing older adults' subjective sleep quality in nursing homes, home environment and clinical settings.

Psychometric Properties of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Factor Structure, Reliability, Correlates, and Discrimination

“…The established gender and age differences in PSQI scores [ 27 , 28 ] were replicated in our sample ( Table 4 ), indicating comparability of PSQI scores with previous research. Next, PSQI scores were expected to be higher (i.e., sleep quality lower) for people with the stronger psychological and physical impact of the MS disease on the patient [ 32 ].…”

“…In pwMS, the scores had levels of internal consistency similar to that in previous research [ 23 ], indicating high reliability. For control subjects, the consistency was somewhat lower than in the study of Cole et al [ 23 ], although similar to Jia et al [ 27 ] and Kmetec et al [ 28 ], which might be a result of the smaller variance in the control subjects ( Table 6 ).…”

“…The CFA was performed to check the factor structure, which was compared to previous research [ 8 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], and to test the measurement invariance of the PSQI between pwMS and the control subjects. Reliability of the established scales was indicated by internal consistency indicators and compared with previous research [ 27 , 28 ]. Validity based on relations to other variables was tested by correlating PSQI and various demographic and MS variables and comparing the means of pwMS and other groups of subjects established in the present study and previously published studies on PSQI [ 15 , 19 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

“…Reliability of the established scales was indicated by internal consistency indicators and compared with previous research [ 27 , 28 ]. Validity based on relations to other variables was tested by correlating PSQI and various demographic and MS variables and comparing the means of pwMS and other groups of subjects established in the present study and previously published studies on PSQI [ 15 , 19 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Discrimination between pwMS and control subjects on the basis of PSQI was further explored by examining the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve [ 34 ] and testing different possible cut-off scores.…”

Headache Because of Problems with Teeth, Mouth, Jaws, or Dentures in Chronic Temporomandibular Disorder Patients: A Case–Control Study

“…Summary scores range from 0 to 21, and scores higher than 5 indicate poor sleep quality. The Slovenian version of PSQI has a Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of 0.74 for its seven components [ 49 ].…”