Development of a sequential supercritical fluid extraction method for the analysis of nitrated and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban aerosols

Castells, Pere Arqué; Santos, F.J.; Galcerán, M.T.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(03)01121-x

Cited by 53 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Previous methods have been developed on the analysis of NPAHs and OPAHs in air and soil, but not for the water environment. Sometimes, HPLC with fluorescence detection [20,21] and GC/ECD have been used for the detection of OPAHs and NPAHs [22,23], meanwhile GC/MS with EI (electron impact) or NICI (negative ion chemical ionization) source were used for the identification of each target compound. Usually, GC/MS-EI has been used for both quantitative and qualitative detection of OPAHs and MPAHs [24][25][26], and GC/MS-NICI for NPAHs and OPAHs [5,27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, GC/MS-EI has been used for both quantitative and qualitative detection of OPAHs and MPAHs [24][25][26], and GC/MS-NICI for NPAHs and OPAHs [5,27,28]. Soxhlet extraction, accelerated solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction have mostly been used for the extraction of SPAHs [5,23,24,27]. Matrix effects could not be ignored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous determination of typical substituted and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and solid matrix by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2013

Journal of Chromatography A

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a b s t r a c tPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are likely to transform to more mutagenic and carcinogenic substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (SPAHs) in the environment. To date, no literature has reported on an analytical method for SPAHs in the natural water environment (encompassing water, suspended particulate and sediment matrix). A robust and routine analytical method was developed for simultaneous detection of 13 typical SPAHs and 16 PAHs in the water environment in this work. The pretreatment and instrument analysis procedure were optimized for effective detection of the 29 targets species. Recovery of each target ranged from 60% to 120%, except for benz [a]anthracene-7,12-dione (BA-7,12-D), which resulted from the transformation of 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene (7-NBA). The high recovery of BA-7,12-D was relatively stable, so the detection results could be corrected. The method quantification limits ranged from 0.04 ng/L to 20.25 ng/L for 4 L water samples, from 4.12 ng/g to 131.66 ng/g for 0.1 g particulate samples, and from 1.75 ng/g to 28.04 ng/g for 20 g sediment samples. The method was applied to detect the 29 targets pollutants in polluted rivers, receiving wastewater from Beijing and Tianjin in China. Certain SPAH targets including 2-methylnaphthalene, 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, 1-methylfluoranthene, 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene, 9-fluorenone, anthraquinone, 2-methylanthranquinone and BA-7,12-D were detected in the natural river environment, and all PAH targets were found in rivers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of typical substituted and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and solid matrix by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2013

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…An NPAHs SFE extraction method based on a two step extraction has been developed by Castells et al The first step using CO 2 and the second step using toluene-CO 2 as extraction fluids. This method allows recoveries comparable to those obtained by soxhlet or ultrasonication extraction and doesn't need a further clean-up of the extracts 32 . The focused microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction (FMASE) is an extraction method whose recovery percentages are comparable to those of the soxhlet extraction but the time is shorter (1h vs. 24h).…”

Section: Presence In Other Environmental Matricesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Environment: Formation, Occurrences and Analysis

et al. 2005

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“…For example, PAHs and NPAHs were quantitatively extracted from airborne particulates using dichloromethane as a modifier of CO 2 (Shimmo et al, 2004). NPAHs and OPAHs were selectively extracted by using toluene as a modifier to CO 2 (Castells, Santos, & Gaiceran, 2003).…”

Section: Extraction and Clean-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent analytical methods for atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives

Hayakawa

Tang

Toriba

2016

Biomedical Chromatography

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Moreover, some oxidative metabolites of these pollutants, such as hydroxylated and epoxide PAHs, cause endocrine disruption or produce reactive oxygen species. These compounds have become a large concern from the viewpoint of particulate matter (PM ) pollution. This report deals with recent studies concerning analytical methods for PAHs, NPAHs and related compounds in atmospheric and biological samples.

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Development of a sequential supercritical fluid extraction method for the analysis of nitrated and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban aerosols

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

Simultaneous determination of typical substituted and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and solid matrix by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Simultaneous determination of typical substituted and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and solid matrix by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Environment: Formation, Occurrences and Analysis

Recent analytical methods for atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives

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