Development of a sensitive and rapid method for the measurement of total microbial activity using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) in a range of soils

Adam, Gillian; Duncan, H. J.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(00)00244-3

Cited by 893 publications

(384 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…FDA hydrolysis in the soils was determined according to Adam and Duncan (2001). Briefly, 15 ml of 60 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.6) and FDA stock solution (samples only) were added to 2 g of field moist soil.…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of past and current crop management on soil microbial biomass and activity

et al. 2006

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As soil biota is influenced by a number of factors, including land use and management techniques, changing management practices could have significant effects on the soil microbial properties and processes. An experiment was conducted to investigate differences in soil microbiological properties caused by long-and short-term management practices. Intact monolith lysimeters (0.2 m 2 surface area) were taken from two sites of the same soil type that had been under long-term organic or conventional crop management and were then subjected to the same 2½-year crop rotation (winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), maize (Zea mais L.), lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) rape (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera)) and two fertiliser regimes (following common organic and conventional practices). Soil samples were taken after crop harvest and analysed for microbial biomass C and N, microbial activity (fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, arginine deaminase activity, dehydrogenase activity) and total C and N. The incorporation of the green manure stimulated growth and activity of the microbial communities in soils of both management histories. Soil microbial properties did not show any differences between organically and conventionally fertilised soils, indicating that crop rotation and plant type had a larger influence on the microbial biomass and enzyme activities than fertilisation. Initial differences in microbial biomass declined, while the effects of farm management history were still evident in enzyme activities and total C and N. Links between enzyme activities and microbial biomass C varied depending on treatment indicating differences in microbial community composition.

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Section: Soil Sampling and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of past and current crop management on soil microbial biomass and activity

et al. 2006

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“…John Innes Compost No. 2 was chosen as a substitute soil as it is prepared from sterilised loam which provided a low microbial activity soil (Adam and Duncan, 2001) with similar textural properties (textural class: sand, 89.8% sand, 4.9% silt, 8.4% clay and 10.2% organic matter (LOI) content) to the natural soil used later in this study. The column was built up, section by section, in this way.…”

Section: Leaching Column Set Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alcohol addition on the movement of petroleum hydrocarbon fuels in soil

Adam

Gamoh

Morris

et al. 2002

Science of The Total Environment

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Groundwater contamination by fuel spills from aboveground and underground storage tanks has been of growing concern in recent years. This problem has been magnified by the addition of oxygenates, such as ethanol and methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) to fuels to reduce vehicular emissions to the atmosphere. These additives, although beneficial in reducing atmospheric pollution, may, however, increase groundwater contamination due to the co-solvency of petroleum hydrocarbons and by the provision of a preferential substrate for microbial utilisation. With the introduction of ethanol to diesel fuel imminent and the move away from MTBE use in many states of the USA, the environmental implications associated with ethanol additive fuels must be thoroughly investigated. Diesel fuel movement was followed in a 1-m soil column and the effect of ethanol addition to diesel fuel on this movement determined. The addition of 5% ethanol to diesel fuel was found to enhance the downward migration of the diesel fuel components, thus increasing the risk of groundwater contamination. A novel method using soil packed HPLC columns allowed the influence of ethanol on individual aromatic hydrocarbon movement to be studied. The levels of ethanol addition investigated were at the current additive level (approx. 25%) for ethanol additive fuels in Brazil and values above (50%) and below (10%) this level. An aqueous ethanol concentration above 10% was required for any movement to occur. At 25% aqueous ethanol, the majority of hydrocarbons were mobilised and the retention behaviour of the soil column lessened. At 50% aqueous ethanol, all the hydrocarbons were found to move unimpeded through the columns. The retention behaviour of the soil was found to change significantly when both organic matter content and silt clay content was reduced. Unexpectedly, sandy soil with low organic matter and low silt clay was found to have a retentive behaviour similar to sandy subsoil with moderate silt clay, but little organic matter. It was concluded that sand grains might have a more important role in the adsorption of petroleum hydrocarbons than first realised. This method has shown that soil packed HPLC columns can be used to provide a quick estimate of petroleum hydrocarbon, and possibly other organic contaminant, movement in a variety of different soil types.

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“…General microbial activity was measured by hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (FDA), using a procedure of Adam and Duncan (2001). Briefly, 2 g of soil and 15 mL of 60 mmol potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.6 were placed in a 50-mL conical flask.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between microbial functions and community structure following agricultural intensification in South American Chaco

Brandan¹,

Huidobro²,

Galván³

et al. 2016

Plant Soil Environ.

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Development of a sensitive and rapid method for the measurement of total microbial activity using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) in a range of soils

Abstract: Development of a sensitive and rapid method for the measurement of total microbial activity using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) in a range of soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,

Cited by 893 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of past and current crop management on soil microbial biomass and activity

Effects of past and current crop management on soil microbial biomass and activity

Effect of alcohol addition on the movement of petroleum hydrocarbon fuels in soil

Relationship between microbial functions and community structure following agricultural intensification in South American Chaco

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