Development of a romifidine constant rate infusion with or without butorphanol for standing sedation of horses

Ringer, Simone K; Portier, Karine; Fourel, Isabelle; Bettschart‐Wolfensberger, Regula

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00681.x

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…1992). The CRI dosages have been developed using exactly the same materials and methods and have been shown to provide constant plasma concentrations (Ringer et al. 2012a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of a loading dose followed by constant rate infusion of xylazine compared with romifidine on sedation, ataxia and response to stimuli in horses

Ringer

Portier

Torgerson

et al. 2013

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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“…1992). The CRI dosages have been developed using exactly the same materials and methods and have been shown to provide constant plasma concentrations (Ringer et al. 2012a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alpha 2 ‐adrenergic agonists xylazine and romifidine both have a marketing authorization for horses in many countries. CRI protocols providing prolonged sedation and constant plasma concentrations have been developed previously (Ringer et al. 2012a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a loading dose followed by constant rate infusion of xylazine compared with romifidine on sedation, ataxia and response to stimuli in horses

Ringer

Portier

Torgerson

et al. 2013

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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“…CRI is to maintain steady plasma drug concentrations, leading to consistent sedation and analgesia. Infusions of a 2 -agonists alone [3][4][5][6] or in combination with opioids [4][5][6][7] are commonly used for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedative and antinociceptive effects of different detomidine constant rate infusions, with or without methadone in standing horses

Gozalo-Marcilla

Oliveira

Fonseca

et al. 2018

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Background Standing surgery avoids the risks of general anaesthesia in horses. Objectives To assess sedation, antinociception and gastrointestinal motility in standing horses after a detomidine loading dose and 2‐h constant rate intravenous (i.v.) infusion, with or without methadone. Study design Blinded, randomised, crossover with seven healthy adult cross‐bred horses, three geldings and four females (404 ± 22 kg). Methods Five i.v. treatments were administered to all horses with 1‐week washout period: saline (SAL), detomidine low (2.5 μg/kg bwt + 6.25 μg/kg bwt/h) (DL) and high doses (5 μg/kg bwt + 12.5 μg/kg bwt/h) (DH) alone or combined with methadone (0.2 mg/kg bwt + 0.05 mg/kg bwt/h), (DLM) and (DHM), respectively. Height of head above the ground (HHAG), electrical (ET), thermal (TT) and mechanical (MT) nociceptive thresholds and gastrointestinal motility were evaluated at predetermined times between 5 and 240 min. A mixed effect model and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to analyse normally and non‐normally distributed data, respectively. Results Sedation (<50% basal HHAG) was achieved for the duration of the infusion, and for an additional 15 min in DH and DHM groups. Nociceptive thresholds were higher than baseline, to the greatest degree and the longest duration, with DHM (ET and TT for 135 min and MT for 150 min). After DH, TT was significantly higher than baseline from 30 to 120 min and MT from 15 to 135 min. After DLM, ET was increased at 90 min, TT at 30 min and MT for 120 min. Gastrointestinal motility was reduced for up to 135 min after DL, 150 min after DLM and 210 min after DH and DHM. Main limitations Nociceptive thresholds are not equivalent to surgical stimuli. Conclusion Methadone with the highest detomidine dose (DHM) may provide sufficient sedation and analgesia for standing surgical procedures and warrants further investigation.

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“…To investigate all methods over a range of CO, 3 levels were studied: baseline (no treatment), high CO, and low CO. After baseline measurements, high CO was induced with an intravenous continuous rate infusion (CRI) of dobutamine (3 μg/kg/min), started 10 minutes before CO measurements and was discontinued after high CO data were collected . After a 45‐minute wash‐out period, low CO was induced with an intravenous romifidine bolus (80 μg/kg), immediately followed by a CRI at 30 μg/kg/h . Low CO data were collected 15 minute after initiating the romifidine CRI, which coincided with expected steady‐state plasma concentrations and clinical effects .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After a 45‐minute wash‐out period, low CO was induced with an intravenous romifidine bolus (80 μg/kg), immediately followed by a CRI at 30 μg/kg/h . Low CO data were collected 15 minute after initiating the romifidine CRI, which coincided with expected steady‐state plasma concentrations and clinical effects . For each level, lithium dilution CO was measured twice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doppler and Volumetric Echocardiographic Methods for Cardiac Output Measurement in Standing Adult Horses

McConachie

Barton

Rapoport

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Cardiac output (CO) is not routinely measured in critically ill adult horses because of invasiveness of currently validated methods. Noninvasive CO monitoring would complement clinical assessment of hemodynamic status in adult horses.Hypothesis: Volumetric methods for measuring CO will have better agreement with lithium dilution than Dopplerbased methods.Animals: Eight healthy adult horses. Methods: Prospective study. CO was manipulated with continuous rate infusions of dobutamine and romifidine to achieve high and low CO states, respectively. At each level, CO was measured by lithium dilution and various echocardiographic methods. Images stored as video loops were reviewed by an individual blinded to the lithium dilution results.Results: Lithium dilution determinations of CO ranged between 16.6 and 63.0 L/min. There was a significant effect of method of CO measurement (P < .001), but no significant effect of CO level (P = .089) or interaction between level and method (P = .607) on the absolute value of the bias. The absolute values of the bias of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) Doppler, Simpson, 4-chamber area-length, and bullet methods [5.5, 6.1, 6.5, 8.8 L/min, respectively] were significantly lower than that of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) Doppler or cubic methods [14.8, 24.3 L/min, respectively].Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The 4-chamber area-length, Simpson, bullet, and RVOT Doppler provided better agreement with lithium dilution than the other methods evaluated. These methods warrant further investigation for use in critically ill adult horses.

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Development of a romifidine constant rate infusion with or without butorphanol for standing sedation of horses

Cited by 48 publications

References 22 publications

The effects of a loading dose followed by constant rate infusion of xylazine compared with romifidine on sedation, ataxia and response to stimuli in horses

The effects of a loading dose followed by constant rate infusion of xylazine compared with romifidine on sedation, ataxia and response to stimuli in horses

Sedative and antinociceptive effects of different detomidine constant rate infusions, with or without methadone in standing horses

Doppler and Volumetric Echocardiographic Methods for Cardiac Output Measurement in Standing Adult Horses

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