Development of a numerical simulation system toward comprehensive assessments of urban warming countermeasures including their impacts upon the urban buildings' energy-demands

Kikegawa, Yukihiro; Genchi, Yutaka; Yoshikado, Hiroshi; Kumakura, Hiroaki

doi:10.1016/s0306-2619(03)00009-6

Cited by 226 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These UCPs take the different position, orientation and physical properties of urban facets into account by solving separate budget equations for the roof, wall and road. UCPs can be of the single-layer type, like the TEB (Masson, 2000) and the SLUCM (Kusaka et al, 2001), which do not vertically discretise the walls, or of the multi-layer type, like the Building Effect Parametrisation (BEP) (Martilli et al, 2002), which do. The mentioned UCPs represent the complex urban morphology in a simplified way by assuming that the buildings are oriented along street canyons.…”

Section: Human Behaviour In Urban Canopy Parametrisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the warm season, the waste heat due to air conditioning tends to amplify the urban heat island. Kikegawa et al (2003) found that air conditioning can increase the urban heat island by 1 to 2 K in Tokyo. For Paris, despite a relatively low prevalence of air conditioning, de Munck et al (2013) reported an exacerbation of the urban heat island between 0.25 and 1 K. The amplification of the urban heat island can lead to an increase of the energy demand for air conditioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a station located at an airport), which might not be representative of the meteorological conditions in the city centre, neglecting, for example, the urban heat island. To circumvent this issue, Kikegawa et al (2003) coupled a building energy model (BEM) to an urban canopy parametrisation (UCP), which was itself coupled to a mesoscale atmospheric model. With this "UCP-BEM approach", the feedbacks between the urban climate and the building energy consumption can be taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this "UCP-BEM approach", the feedbacks between the urban climate and the building energy consumption can be taken into account. Kikegawa et al (2003) were able to reproduce the sensitivity of the cooling energy consumption on air temperature for a business district in Tokyo using this technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parametrisation of the variety of human behaviour related to building energy consumption in the Town Energy Balance (SURFEX-TEB v. 8.2)

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The anthropogenic heat flux can be an important part of the urban surface energy balance. Some of it is due to energy consumption inside buildings, which depends on building use and human behaviour, both of which are very heterogeneous in most urban areas. Urban canopy parametrisations (UCP), such as the Town Energy Balance (TEB), parametrise the effect of the buildings on the urban surface energy balance. They contain a simple building energy model. However, the variety of building use and human behaviour at grid point scale has not yet been represented in state of the art UCPs. In this study, we describe how we enhance the Town Energy Balance in order to take fractional building use and human behaviour into account. We describe how we parametrise different behaviours and initialise the model for applications in France. We evaluate the spatio-temporal variability of the simulated building energy consumption for the city of Toulouse. We show that a more detailed description of building use and human behaviour enhances the simulation results. The model developments lay the groundwork for simulations of coupled urban climate and building energy consumption which are relevant for both the urban climate and the climate change mitigation and adaptation communities.

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Section: Human Behaviour In Urban Canopy Parametrisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Parametrisation of the variety of human behaviour related to building energy consumption in the Town Energy Balance (SURFEX-TEB v. 8.2)

et al. 2017

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“…Table II shows various urban canopy models. Kikegawa et al (2001) and Genchi (2001) used the Advanced Industrial Science & Technology -Canopy Model (AIST-CM) to evaluate the effect of heat release from building air-conditioning units in Tokyo. Three scenarios were studied; an external air-conditioning unit is placed on the roof of a building (Case 1), at a height of 3 m above the ground (Case 2), and with heat from the air-conditioning system being injected into the ground (Case 3).…”

Section: One-dimensional Urban Canopy Model and Its Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent development of assessment tools for urban climate and heat‐island investigation especially based on experiences in Japan

Ooka

2007

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Abstract:In recent years, problems concerning the urban climate-including the urban heat-island effect and urban air pollution -have attracted much attention in terms of the widespread urbanization in many parts of the world, including Japan. Assessment tools for urban climate are very important to understand effective countermeasures for heat-island mitigation. In this paper, various assessment tools are introduced and classified according to corresponding modelling scales. Special attention is given to the recent progress in Japan. It is shown that these assessment tools are very powerful at estimating the effectiveness of countermeasures. Furthermore, these assessment tools should become design tools for practical applications in the future.

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Anthropogenic heating of the urban environment due to air conditioning

et al. 2014

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This article investigates the effect of air conditioning (AC) systems on air temperature and examines their electricity consumption for a semiarid urban environment. We simulate a 10 day extreme heat period over the Phoenix metropolitan area (U.S.) with the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to a multilayer building energy scheme. The performance of the modeling system is evaluated against 10 Arizona Meteorological Network weather stations and one weather station maintained by the National Weather Service for air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction. We show that explicit representation of waste heat from air conditioning systems improved the 2 m air temperature correspondence to observations. Waste heat release from AC systems was maximum during the day, but the mean effect was negligible near the surface. However, during the night, heat emitted from AC systems increased the mean 2 m air temperature by more than 1°C for some urban locations. The AC systems modified the thermal stratification of the urban boundary layer, promoting vertical mixing during nighttime hours. The anthropogenic processes examined here (i.e., explicit representation of urban energy consumption processes due to AC systems) require incorporation in future meteorological and climate investigations to improve weather and climate predictability. Our results demonstrate that releasing waste heat into the ambient environment exacerbates the nocturnal urban heat island and increases cooling demands.

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Development of a numerical simulation system toward comprehensive assessments of urban warming countermeasures including their impacts upon the urban buildings' energy-demands

Cited by 226 publications

References 2 publications

Parametrisation of the variety of human behaviour related to building energy consumption in the Town Energy Balance (SURFEX-TEB v. 8.2)

Parametrisation of the variety of human behaviour related to building energy consumption in the Town Energy Balance (SURFEX-TEB v. 8.2)

Recent development of assessment tools for urban climate and heat‐island investigation especially based on experiences in Japan

Anthropogenic heating of the urban environment due to air conditioning

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