Development of a non-destructive neutron radiography technique to measure the three-dimensional soot deposition profiles in diesel engine exhaust systems

Ismail, Basel I.; Ewing, D.; Chang, Jen‐Shih; Cotton, James

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.04.007

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Based on these motivations, our recent efforts have focused on the employment of a neutron imaging capability combined with computerized reconstructions of the recorded radiographs to achieve highquality representative 3-D data sets. This effort builds on our earlier studies that first described our techniques using neutrons to image PFs [6,7], and it continues the investigation that was started by others [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Progression of Soot Cake Layer Properties During the Systematic Regeneration of Diesel Particulate Filters Measured with Neutron Tomography

Toops

Pihl

Finney

et al. 2015

Emiss. Control Sci. Technol.

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Although particulate filters (PFs) have been a key component of the emission control system for modern diesel engines, there remain significant questions about the basic regeneration behavior of the filters and how it changes with accumulation of increasing soot layers. This effort describes a systematic deposition and regeneration of particulate matter in 25-mm diameter×76-mm long wall-flow PFs composed of silicon carbide (SiC) material. The initial soot distributions were analyzed for soot cake thickness using a nondestructive neutron imaging technique. With the PFs intact, it was then possible to sequentially regenerate the samples and reanalyze them, which was performed after nominal 20, 50, and 70 % regenerations. The loaded samples show a relatively uniform distribution of particulate with an increasing soot cake thickness and nearly identical initial density of 70 mg/cm 3 . During regeneration, the soot cake thickness initially decreases significantly while the density increases to 80-90 mg/cm 3 . After ∼50 % regeneration, the soot cake thickness stays relatively constant, but instead, the density decreases as pores open up in the layer (∼35 mg/cm 3 at 70 % regeneration). Complete regeneration initially occurs at the rear of the PF channels. With this information, a conceptual model of the regeneration is proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Progression of Soot Cake Layer Properties During the Systematic Regeneration of Diesel Particulate Filters Measured with Neutron Tomography

Toops

Pihl

Finney

et al. 2015

Emiss. Control Sci. Technol.

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“…There are several methodologies which can be used to investigate the morphological characteristics of particles including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), 42 radiography 43 and laser-induced incandescence (LII). 44 Radiography and LII can offer information noninstructively about particles in the exhaust gas, while SEM and TEM depend on the filter sampling, which is greatly influenced by the filter specifications.…”

Section: Morphology Of the Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate matter characteristics of a light-duty diesel engine with alternative fuel blends

Zhang

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The non-volatile particle emission characteristics of alternative (rapeseed methyl ester and gas-to-liquid) diesel fuel blends were studied through an experimental investigation carried out on a light-duty common-rail diesel engine. A blend ratio of 10 vol % was chosen as the practical limit for biodiesels in this study, and the research focus was on the particle number concentration and size distribution with various injection strategies, in which the non-volatile emissions were measured using thermodilution. The particle morphology and mass, together with the related gaseous emissions, were measured and analysed. The results indicate that, without any engine modification, adding selected alternative fuels even at a low percentage could result in a favourable reduction in the number of particles and in a significant reduction in the total particle concentration in both the nucleation mode and the accumulation mode. The particle emissions of the three fuels demonstrated monomodal size distributions under most engine conditions tested, except for the engine idling case, which produced a bimodal size distribution. The influence of 10 vol % rapeseed methyl ester or gas-to-liquid diesel blends on the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide emissions is not significant. Nevertheless, using these diesel fuel blends may increase the total hydrocarbon emissions and may lead to high particulate matter emissions.

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“…The sediments can be identified and quantified in the reconstructed volume (figure 11, red arrows) and can then be evaluated by engineers with the aim of improving the components such that sedimentation no longer occurs. Other applications of neutron imaging in this field include the analysis of soot contaminations in diesel particulate filters [36,53,73].…”

Section: Engine Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in neutron radiography and tomography

Ströbl

Manke

Kardjilov³

et al. 2009

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

281

196

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Neutron imaging can provide two- or three-dimensional, spatially resolved images of the internal structure of bulk samples that are not accessible by other techniques, making it a unique tool with many potential applications. The method is now well established and is available at neutron sources worldwide. This review will give a survey of the technique of neutron imaging with a special focus on neutron tomography; the basics of the method as well as the technology of instrumentation will be outlined, and the techniques will be illustrated by representative applications. While the first part of the paper focuses on conventional attenuation contrast imaging, the second part reviews and critically assesses recent methodical developments.

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Development of a non-destructive neutron radiography technique to measure the three-dimensional soot deposition profiles in diesel engine exhaust systems

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Progression of Soot Cake Layer Properties During the Systematic Regeneration of Diesel Particulate Filters Measured with Neutron Tomography

Progression of Soot Cake Layer Properties During the Systematic Regeneration of Diesel Particulate Filters Measured with Neutron Tomography

Particulate matter characteristics of a light-duty diesel engine with alternative fuel blends

Advances in neutron radiography and tomography

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