Development of a new system for the speciation of chromium in natural waters and human urine samples by combining ion exchange and ETA-AAS

Cordero, M. T. Siles; Alonso, E. Vereda; Torres, A. Garcı́a de; Pavón, José Manuel Cano

doi:10.1039/b312224g

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Flow injection analysis (FIA) combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Séby et al 2003), electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) (Siles Cordero et al 2004) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) (Anthemidis et al 2002;Saracoglu et al 2002) are the most useful techniques in the determination of chromium in the environmental samples. Due to lack of compatibility between the low level of chromium in drinking waters and the detection limit of ETAAS preconcentration and separation steps are required to improve the detection capability of this technique.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study of chromium(VI) adsorption onto modified activated carbons with respect to analytical application

Dobrowolski

Otto

2010

Adsorption

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Two different types of modification of activated carbon, by treatment with concentrated solution of HNO 3 and outgassing treatment at high temperature, were studied in order to obtain the most effective adsorption of chromium(VI) ions from water solution. The basic parameters affecting the adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) ions on modified activated carbons were studied in details and the effect of modifications of activated carbons has been determined by studying the initial runs of adsorption isotherms. The obtained Cr(VI) adsorption isotherms were well fitted in the Freundlich equation. The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and further ion exchange mechanism of adsorption onto oxidizing activated carbon and surface precipitation to Cr(OH) 3 in case of outgassing activated carbon were found as the main adsorption mechanisms of Cr(VI) ions onto modified activated carbons. Presence of chlorides and nitrates in studied adsorption system strongly decreased the adsorption ability of Cr(VI) onto outgassing activated carbon and mechanism of this behavior is proposed.

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confidence: 99%

Study of chromium(VI) adsorption onto modified activated carbons with respect to analytical application

Dobrowolski

Otto

2010

Adsorption

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“…While Cr(III) is considered to be an essential micronutrient for humans, exposure to Cr(VI) compounds can cause damage to skin, respiratory tract and kidneys, and also increases risk of lung cancer. 5 Spectro-analytical methods such as FAAS, 6 ET-AAS, 7 ICP-OES 8 and ICP-MS 9 can detect the total chromium in water samples. However, these singular detection techniques suffer from low sensitivity and precision due to interferences in the sample matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium Speciation Using Flow-injection Preconcentration on Xylenol Orange Functionalized Amberlite XAD-16 and Determination in Industrial Water Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

2015

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A speciation method for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) by on-line solid-phase extraction using a flow-injection system with FAAS has been proposed. The Cr(III) was selectively retained at pH 5 on the AXAD16-XO chelating resin and was eluted using 0.5 mol L -1 HNO3. The preconcentration factor and the detection limit (3σ) of 73 and 0.11 μg L -1 , respectively, were obtained for a 120-s preconcentration time. The precision (%RSD) at the 100 μg L -1 level was 1.08%. The linearity for Cr(III) measurements was up to 600 μg L -1 . The total chromium was determined by reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III) using hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the Cr(VI) concentration was obtained by subtraction from the total chromium concentration. The effect of interfering ions was examined towards the selectivity of the proposed system for Cr(III). Spike recovery studies in industrial water samples were carried out using standard Cr(III) and Cr(VI) solutions traceable to NIST. The proposed method was validated using SRM 1643e (Trace Elements in Water) supplied by NIST, USA.

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“…For detection, spectroscopic methods are generally used, including mainly UV-Vis spectrometry [7], atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) [8,9], and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) [10]. For Cr(III) and Cr(VI) speciation, mostly in water samples, a wide variety of separation and sample pretreatment techniques such as ion-exchange [11], adsorption on a resin or biosorbent [12,13], solvent extraction [14], solid phase extraction [9,15], cloud-point extraction [16], electrochemical methods [17], and coprecipitation [18,19] have been studied in the literature as off-line methods. However, these methods have some disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-line speciation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in drinking and waste water samples by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry

Sarica¹,

Türker²,

Erol³

2006

J. Sep. Sci.

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A simple, rapid, and selective on-line method for the speciation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions by ion-pairing HPLC coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) is described. The composition of the mobile phase has been optimized for better separation. The effects of column temperature, volume of injection loop, fuel flow rate of FAAS, and nebulizer suction rate of FAAS have also been investigated. Separation is accomplished in almost 2.5 min on a 25 cm length C18 column at 40 degrees C. The selectivity of the method has been established by investigating the effect of interfering elements on chromium determination. The detection limit (3sigma) achieved by the method was calculated as 3.7 ng/mL for Cr(III) and 2.0 ng/mL for Cr(VI). The proposed method has been validated by analyzing certified reference material (BCR 544) and successfully applied to the analysis of drinking water and wastewater samples with a relative error below 6%.

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Development of a new system for the speciation of chromium in natural waters and human urine samples by combining ion exchange and ETA-AAS

Cited by 48 publications

References 19 publications

Study of chromium(VI) adsorption onto modified activated carbons with respect to analytical application

Study of chromium(VI) adsorption onto modified activated carbons with respect to analytical application

Chromium Speciation Using Flow-injection Preconcentration on Xylenol Orange Functionalized Amberlite XAD-16 and Determination in Industrial Water Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

On-line speciation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in drinking and waste water samples by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry

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