“…In the past few decades, a large number of additive scoring functions have been developed and some of them, such as the Vina score of Autodock Vina, GoldScore, and ChemPLP of GOLD, GlideScore-SP, and GlideScore-XP of Schrodinger, Affinity-dG, and GBVI/WSA-dG of MOE, are widely used with corresponding docking software. In addition, some other methods, such as the X-Score, SFCscore, MedusaScore, LISA, KECSA, SMoG2016, PBSA_E, DrugScore 2018 , and APBScore, are used as scoring functions alone. In more recent years, machine-learning-based scoring functions, such as TNet-BP, Δ vina RF 20 , k DEEP , TopBP-ML, Δ vina XGB, AGL-Score, OnionNet, AK-Score, and IP-SF, have shown great improvement in the accuracy of binding free energy prediction on experimentally determined structures compared to other traditional scoring functions.…”