Development of a new rapid method for mould testing in a climate chamber: preliminary tests

Ahmed, Sheikh Ali; Sehlstedt-Persson, Margot; Morén, Tom

doi:10.1007/s00107-013-0697-0

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…To determine the water uptake capacity and swelling properties, the samples were oven-dried at 50°C for 72 h and submerged in distilled water at 21°C for periods of 1,3,6,12,24,48,96,192, 384 and 768 h. The distilled water was replaced after every soaking interval. After each saturation period, the masses and volumes were recorded to measure water absorption (WA; defined as the absorbed water divided by the dried mass) and volumetric swelling coefficient (S).…”

Section: Water Repellency and Dimensional Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An accelerated laboratory mold test in a ARCTEST ARC 1500 climate chamber (Arctest Oy, Espoo, Finland) was performed using the same methodology described in Ahmed et al [12]. TM and non-TM samples from each species (aspen and birch) for each oil treatments (Beckers, pine tar and tung oil) with three replications to produce 36 samples and with four replications, unimpregnated TM and non-TM wood from each species (aspen and birch) to produce 16 samples, were used for the accelerated mold test.…”

Section: Accelerated Mold Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature and RH in the chamber were set to be 27°C and 92%, respectively. Three pine sapwood pieces from the previous experiment, infected with mold mainly from the Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Penicillium along with various other genus, were placed in the lower part of the climate chamber as the source of mold inocula [12]. After a 21-day incubation period, the experiment was stopped due to abundant mold growth on some of the sample surfaces.…”

Section: Accelerated Mold Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, thermal modification combined with oil can provide more effective protection than single treatment methods alone [8,9]. In previous studies [10][11][12], authors attempted to develop a simple but effective method to impregnate oils in TM wood and focused on alternative wood treatments and processes in accordance with European legislation on wood preservatives, which banned most compounds that are toxic to humans, animals and the environment. Thus, investigation was done on the impregnation of TM wood with environmentally friendly wood preservatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of oil impregnation on water repellency, dimensional stability and mold susceptibility of thermally modified European aspen and downy birch wood

et al. 2016

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Conventional chemical wood preservatives have been banned or restricted in some applications due to human and animal toxicity and their adverse impact on the surrounding environment. New, low-environmental-impact wood treatments that still provide effective protection systems are needed to protect wood. Thermal modification of wood could reduce hygroscopicity, improve dimensional stability and enhance resistance to mold attack. The aim of this study was to investigate if these properties enhanced in thermally modified (TM) wood through treatments with oils. In this study, TM European aspen (Populus tremula) and downy birch (Betula pubescens) wood were impregnated with three different types of oil: water-miscible commercial Elit Träskydd (Beckers oil with propiconazole and 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, IPBC), a pine tar formulation and 100% tung oil. The properties of oil-impregnated wood investigated were water repellency, dimensional stability and mold susceptibility. The treated wood, especially with pine tar and tung oil, showed an increase in water repellency and dimensional stability. However, Beckers oil which contains biocides like propiconazole and IPBC showed better protection against mold compared with pine tar and tung oil. To enhance the dimensional stability of the wood, pine tar and tung oil can be used, but these oil treatments did not significantly improve mold resistance rather sometimes enhanced the mold growth, whereas a significant anti-mold effect was observed on Beckers oil treated samples.

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Section: Water Repellency and Dimensional Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accelerated Mold Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accelerated Mold Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of oil impregnation on water repellency, dimensional stability and mold susceptibility of thermally modified European aspen and downy birch wood

et al. 2016

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“…Simple mould tests were performed in a climate chamber with controlled relative humidity (RH) and temperature, with a similar method used by Ahmed et al (2013). Glass tubes were attached to the top of the chamber (Fig.…”

Section: Simple Mould Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of physical-mechanical and mould-proof properties of furfurylated and DMDHEU-modified wood

Chen

2019

BioRes

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In this study, 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and furfuryl alcohol (FA) modification catalyzed by acrylic acid were comparatively studied. The effects on physical-mechanical properties and durability against mould of Masson pine and Camphor pine wood were investigated, including weight gain rate (WPG), moisture uptake, equilibrium moisture content (EMC), anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), parallel-to-grain compressive strength (CS), modulus of rupture (MOR), and mould resistance. The wood samples modified with DMDHEU closely retained their original color and texture, whereas the color of furfurylated wood became dark brown and the texture became clearer. The WPG of DMDHEU-treated wood ranged from 17.9% to 29.3%, which was lower than that of furfurylated wood that ranged from 36.7% to 39.3%. The equilibrium moisture content of DMDHEU-modified wood was slightly higher than the untreated wood, while furfurylation decreased the EMC of wood by approximately 50% compared with the untreated wood. The dimensional stability, parallel-to-grain compressive strength, and mildew resistance of Masson pine and Camphor pine improved after both modifications noticeably. It was concluded that acrylic acid can be utilized as a catalyst to perform wood furfurylation and DMDHEU modification.

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Thermal performance and mold discoloration of thermally modified wood containing bio‐based phase change material for heat storage

et al. 2022

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The work presents the results of thermal performance and mold discoloration of thermally modified wood‐based composites incorporating multicomponent fatty acids as a bio‐based phase change materials (BPCM). Thermally modified Scots pine (TMP), beech (TMB), and spruce (TMS) sapwood were impregnated with a multicomponent mixture of linoleic acid and coconut oil fatty acids at a ratio of 20:80. Samples with different BPCM uptakes were analyzed in the temperature range typical for building indoor conditions. Leakage tests were conducted and revealed that the maximum leakage for all the samples is 3% to 5%. T‐history and heat flowmeter methods were used to evaluate the thermal characteristic of the composites. The incorporation of BPCM into thermally modified woods (TMWs) resulted in significant thermal mass improvements, expressed by the ability of the composites to store excessive energy in terms of latent heat and keep the temperature constant for long time. The specific heat capacity of the TMWs was around 2 J/g K, which increased to 4 to 8 J/g K after impregnation with BPCM, depending on the impregnation uptake. Results showed also that TMB has higher thermal conductivity than TMP and TMS, while incorporating of BPCM into these materials resulted in even improved thermal conductivity. Results showed that the thermal conductivity of TMP increased after incorporation of BPCM from 0.06 W/m K to 0.1 and 0.14 W/m K for TMP/BPCM with 48% and 95% uptake respectively. Mold tests showed that BPCM encapsulated in TMWs is less susceptible to mold discoloration compared to untreated wood.

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Development of a new rapid method for mould testing in a climate chamber: preliminary tests

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of oil impregnation on water repellency, dimensional stability and mold susceptibility of thermally modified European aspen and downy birch wood

Effect of oil impregnation on water repellency, dimensional stability and mold susceptibility of thermally modified European aspen and downy birch wood

Comparison of physical-mechanical and mould-proof properties of furfurylated and DMDHEU-modified wood

Thermal performance and mold discoloration of thermally modified wood containing bio‐based phase change material for heat storage

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