Development of a nanosecond pulsed HV atmospheric pressure plasma source: preliminary assessment of its electrical characteristics and degree of thermal nonequilibrium

Evans, M. D. G.; Sainct, Florent P.; Aristizabal, Felipe; Bergthorson, Jeffrey M.; Coulombe, Sylvain

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/48/25/255203

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The emission spectrum of N 2 was simulated using a lineby-line radiation code [42]. Both T r and T v were calculated through non-linear optimization, minimizing the root mean square (RMS) of the error [43].…”

Section: Gas Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Regimes of an atmospheric pressure nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane partial oxidation

Maqueo¹,

Maier²,

Evans³

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The operation of a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for partial oxidation of CH4 is characterized at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Two regimes are observed: diffuse and filamentary. The first is a low power regime, characterized by low rotational temperatures around 400 K. The second is much more energetic with rotational temperatures close to 600 K. Both have vibrational temperatures of at least 10 times their rotational temperatures. The average electron number density was determined to be and cm−3, respectively, showing an increase in the ionization fraction in the more powerful filamentary regime. Results of CH4 conversion to H2, CO, CO2 and C2H6 are presented for the filamentary regime, while the diffuse regime shows no measurable conversion ability. As expected, oxidative mixtures show higher conversion ability than pure CH4. A maximum conversion efficiency of 26.3% and a maximum energy efficiency of 19.7% were reached for the oxidative mixtures.

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Section: Gas Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Regimes of an atmospheric pressure nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane partial oxidation

Maqueo¹,

Maier²,

Evans³

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…The gas temperature is a very important parameter of plasma that affects the chemical reaction pathways and final products, and subsequently affects the performance of water treatment applications [32]. The rotational temperature (T rot ) of N 2 (C) molecule is approximately equal to the gas temperature if the next two requirements are satisfied [8,33]. First, the relaxation time (τ RT ) of equilibrium between translation and rotation of N 2 (C) achieved via collision, is less than or equal to the lifetime (τ 0 ) of N 2 (C) that has considered the quenched process in atmospheric pressure.…”

Section: Plasma Temperature Of Npg-lds Excited By Unipolar and Bipola...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, nanosecond pulsed gas-liquid discharge (NPG-LD) with dielectric-free electrode configuration in atmospheric pressure has been widely used in many applications, including sterilization [1], water purification [2][3][4], biomedicine [5], and material treatment [6]. Compared with the sinusoidal discharge, the discharges driven by nanosecond pulse power supply are prone to cause lower heat and higher energy efficiency for producing reactive species [7][8][9]. For example, Xu et al have reported that the pulsed plasma jet induces higher concentrations of the aqueous H 2 O 2 , OH/ -O , 2 -O 2 / -ONOO and has stronger bacterial inactivation compared with sinusoidal plasma jet under the same discharge power [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharge characteristics and reactive species production of unipolar and bipolar nanosecond pulsed gas–liquid discharge generated in atmospheric N₂

Liang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhao³

et al. 2021

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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In this paper, unipolar pulse (including positive pulse and negative pulse) and bipolar pulse voltage are employed to generate diffuse gas-liquid discharge in atmospheric N 2 with a trumpetshaped quartz tube. The current-voltage waveforms, optical emission spectra of excited state active species, FTIR spectra of exhaust gas components, plasma gas temperature, and aqueous H 2 O 2 , -NO , 2 and -NO 3 production are compared in three pulse modes, meanwhile, the effects of pulse peak voltage and gas flow rate on the production of reactive species are studied. The results show that two obvious discharges occur in each voltage pulse in unipolar pulse driven discharge, differently, in bipolar pulse driven discharge, only one main discharge appears in a single voltage pulse time. The intensities of active species (OH(A), and O(3p)) in all three pulsed discharge increase with the rise of pulse peak voltage and have the highest value at 200 ml min −1 of gas flow rate. The absorbance intensities of NO 2 and N 2 O increase with the increase of pulse peak voltage and decrease with the increase of gas flow rate. Under the same discharge conditions, the bipolar pulse driven discharge shows lower breakdown voltage, and higher intensities of excited species (N 2 (C), OH(A), and O(3p)), nitrogen oxides (NO 2 , NO, and N 2 O), and higher production of aqueous H 2 O 2 , -NO , 2 and -NO 3 compared with both unipolar positive and negative discharges.

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“…The modeled spectra are dependent on the vibrational temperature (T v ) and T r of N 2 . Hence, both parameters are estimated through non-linear optimization, minimizing the root mean square of the error between simulated and experimental spectra, similar to the methodology followed in previous work [32,34,36]. Figure 5 shows an example of this approach, comparing the experimental spectra obtained from pure CH 4 plasma at T i = 300 K and ν = 1 kHz and the modeled spectra of N 2 at T r = 374 K and T v = 4034 K.…”

Section: Emission Characteristics and Gas Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy efficiency of a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane reforming

Maqueo

Coulombe

Bergthorson

2019

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The performance of a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for CH 4 reforming is studied at atmospheric pressure for temperatures ranging from 300 to 700 K. The high-voltage pulser used is capable of producing a voltage pulse with an amplitude of 14 kV and a duration of 40 ns at a repetition frequency of 10 kHz. The discharge energy per pulse is varied in a range from 462 µJ to 2.47 mJ. The rotational temperature is estimated by fitting synthetic to experimental spectra. Experiments at pulsing frequency of 1 kHz led to temperature profiles that remain unchanged along the axial direction of the reactor. For pulse frequencies between 2-10 kHz, the average temperature of the filament rises from 507 to 777 K. Emission from C 2 (A 3 Π-X 3 Π) is compared to emission from CH(A 2 ∆-X 2 Π) along the reactor axis and with respect to the energy input. It is found that as the energy input increases, so does the emission from C 2 (A 3 Π-X 3 Π), turning the discharges green rather than blue. Results from CH 4 conversion show that the inlet gas temperature has negligible effect on reforming performance. Higher values of energy per pulse improve conversion and energy efficiency. However, increasing the pulse frequency leads to the best performance enhancement with a maximum slope of 0.53% and 0.24% per kJ • mol −1 for conversion and energy efficiency, respectively. The maximum conversion and energy efficiencies were 68.2% and 25.6%, respectively, measured in a CH 4 -air mixture.

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Development of a nanosecond pulsed HV atmospheric pressure plasma source: preliminary assessment of its electrical characteristics and degree of thermal nonequilibrium

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Regimes of an atmospheric pressure nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane partial oxidation

Regimes of an atmospheric pressure nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane partial oxidation

Discharge characteristics and reactive species production of unipolar and bipolar nanosecond pulsed gas–liquid discharge generated in atmospheric N₂

Energy efficiency of a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane reforming

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Development of a nanosecond pulsed HV atmospheric pressure plasma source: preliminary assessment of its electrical characteristics and degree of thermal nonequilibrium

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Regimes of an atmospheric pressure nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane partial oxidation

Regimes of an atmospheric pressure nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane partial oxidation

Discharge characteristics and reactive species production of unipolar and bipolar nanosecond pulsed gas–liquid discharge generated in atmospheric N2

Energy efficiency of a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for methane reforming

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Product

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Discharge characteristics and reactive species production of unipolar and bipolar nanosecond pulsed gas–liquid discharge generated in atmospheric N₂