Development of a Muffler for 40 mm Medium Caliber Gun: Numerical Analysis and Validation

Lee, Hae-Suk; Kang, Tae-Yeob; Hong, Jun-Hee

doi:10.1007/s12541-018-0028-9

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Also, Settles 6 introduced a high-speed imaging of shock waves, explosions and gunshots. In dealing with the acoustical analysis of gun muffler with complicated shape, the numerical simulation using FEM (Finite Element Method) [7][8][9][10][11][12] is habitually adopted. However, there were no advanced discussions regarding the optimal design for a gun muffler with a fixed length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical assessment of gun mufflers using finite element method, neural networks, and a genetic algorithm

Chiu

Chang

2023

Noise & Vibration Worldwide

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In order to enhance the acoustical performance of gun mufflers, a multi-chamber muffler internally inserting with expansion cones and perforated tubes ducts is presented. Because of the complicated geometry of gun muffler, traditional analytic method used in predicting a muffler’s acoustical performance is difficult; therefore, a finite element method using the COMSOL software is adopted to predict the gun muffler’s sound transmission loss. Moreover, because an objective function (or fitness function) is needed during the optimization process, a simplified mathematical model using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used. Here, a polynomial objective function is established by inputting the muffler’s geometric design parameters and the related simulated Sound Transmission Loss (STL) (run on the COMSOL) via the Artificial Neural Network. Furthermore, Genetic Algorithm (GA), an optimizer, is linked to the simplified mathematical model to maximize the gun muffler’s acoustical performance. To pursue a maximal STL at the targeted tones, the geometric parameters of cone’s horizontal length (L1) and first cone’s span (L2) is optimally adjusted. Results demonstrates the STL of gun muffler at the specified frequencies of 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz can be improved from 15.8 dB, 72.6 dB, 184.8 dB to 18.2 dB, 112.6 dB, and 416.3 dB, respectively. The paper aims to provide an optimal design method of gun muffler using Finite Element Method (FEM), Artificial Neural Network, and Genetic Algorithm. Consequently, the simulated results reveal that the optimally shaped gun muffler can efficiently depress the gun’s shooting noise.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical assessment of gun mufflers using finite element method, neural networks, and a genetic algorithm

Chiu

Chang

2023

Noise & Vibration Worldwide

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“…Lee et al 9 performed a firing test and CFD analysis for a 40 mm suppressor. The CFD result agreed with the results of the shooting test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effects of volume change on flow structure and acoustic in a silencer

Yimam,

Demircan

2023

International Journal of Aeroacoustics

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This study numerically examined the propellant flow from gunfire using the kω-SST turbulence model and their sound attenuation using the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkins equations (FW-H). For simulation, a pressure-based solver and 3D axisymmetric geometry were used. The second-order implicit time approach and the second-order upwind scheme spatial discretization were used in the simulation. The maximum exit pressure was 3.748 MPa for the suppressor with a length of 70 mm and diameter of 20 mm. However, when the diameter suppressor increased by 1/6, the maximum exit pressure was reduced to 3.4961 MPa. When the length increased by 1/6, the maximum pressure became 3.3636 MPa. Lastly, when the diameter and length were increased by 1/6, the maximum exit pressure became 3.177 MPa. For this suppressor, 20.835 dB (12.29%) sound pressure level attenuation was achieved with 16.823 MPa (84.115%) overpressure reduction and 484.86 K or 32.32% temperature reduction. Generally, the attenuation increased with the increase in the suppressor’s internal volume.

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“…Blast attenuation increased rapidly with the number of baffles in a silencer before maximum attenuation was achieved and a gradual decline occurred [50][51][52][53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force and Sound Pressure Sensors Used for Modeling the Impact of the Firearm with a Suppressor

et al. 2020

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In this paper, a mathematical model for projectiles shooting in any direction based on sensors distributed stereoscopically is put forward. It is based on the characteristics of a shock wave around a supersonic projectile and acoustical localization. Wave equations for an acoustic monopole point source of a directed effect used for physical interpretation of pressure as an acoustic phenomenon. Simulation and measurements of novel versatile mechanical and acoustical damping system (silencer), which has both a muzzle break and silencer properties studied in this paper. The use of the proposed damping system can have great influence on the acoustic pressure field intensity from the shooter. A silencer regarded as an acoustic transducer and multi-holes waveguide with a chamber. Wave equations for an acoustic monopole point source of a directed effect used for the physical interpretation of pressure as an acoustic phenomenon. The numerical simulation results of the silencer with different configurations presented allow trends to be established. A measurement chain was used to compare the simulation results with the experimental ones. The modeling and experimental results showed an increase in silencer chamber volume results in a reduction of recorded pressure within the silencer chamber.

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Development of a Muffler for 40 mm Medium Caliber Gun: Numerical Analysis and Validation

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Numerical assessment of gun mufflers using finite element method, neural networks, and a genetic algorithm

Numerical assessment of gun mufflers using finite element method, neural networks, and a genetic algorithm

Investigation of the effects of volume change on flow structure and acoustic in a silencer

Force and Sound Pressure Sensors Used for Modeling the Impact of the Firearm with a Suppressor

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