Development of a Microbiological Paper-Based Analytical Device to Detect Fecal Contamination of Water in Resource-Limited Settings

Spica, Natalie; Green, Mary; Lown, Laurel; Duwal, Rojina; Fuyal, Muna; Giri, S.S.; Giri, Basant; Paetkau, Don; Lamichhane-Khadka, Reena

doi:10.1007/s11270-021-05132-0

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Two hundred and thirty‐seven randomly selected samples, representing more than 10% of total samples collected, were also tested with a rapid test method known as the saltPAD to evaluate its performance compared to the titration method. saltPAD test cards are low‐cost, easy to use, and can rapidly screen iodine concentration 35–37 . The saltPADs were prepared and kindly provided to us by Prof. Marya Lieberman's laboratory at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, USA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…saltPAD test cards are low-cost, easy to use, and can rapidly screen iodine concentration. [35][36][37] The saltPADs were prepared and kindly provided to us by Prof. Marya Lieberman's laboratory at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, USA. The salt sample can be prepared and run in 5 min using the saltPAD method.…”

Section: Iodometric Titrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excessive iodine in iodized household salt in Nepal

Giri

Pandey

Shakya

et al. 2022

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Iodine is an essential trace element required for the regulation of physiological processes involving the thyroid gland. However, inadequate and excessive intake of iodine are responsible for health problems, such as iodine deficiency disorders, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid papillary cancer, and thyrotoxicosis. The Universal Salt Iodization (USI) program has become successful in providing supplemental iodine at the population level globally. Packaging quality, fortification level, and transportation and storage conditions of iodized salt determine the availability of iodine. Previous studies have reported severe health issues caused by excessive iodine intake after the implementation of the USI program. To understand the levels of iodine, we collected 2117 household salt samples from seven districts of Nepal and tested them for iodine content; among them, 98.1% were iodized. Overall median concentration of iodine was 53.9 ppm (range: 43.5-61.4 ppm). The majority (67.2%) of samples had iodine in the range of 45-75 ppm. Approximately 0.9% of samples had inadequate, 13.3% contained adequate, and 83.9% had excessive iodine than the World Health Organization-recommended value. Iodine content varied among the sampling districts and seasons, to some extent. Our study confirmed that iodized salt

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iodometric Titrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive iodine in iodized household salt in Nepal

Giri

Pandey

Shakya

et al. 2022

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Self Cite

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“…Impressively, the device required just a drop of sample and has a sensitivity of 10 CFU/mL with 4 h enrichment. Spica et al also developed a paper‐based analytical device for detection of E. coli in water samples [90] . The device consisted of a filter paper saturated with chromogenic sugar and was successful employed in testing of 120 water samples from river and drinking water sources in Nepal.…”

Section: Point‐of‐care Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches for the Detection of Escherichia coli in Wastewater: A Short Review

et al. 2023

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Escherichia coli is a harmful pathogenic bacterial species causing serious intestinal sickness in humans. This bacterium has been linked to contaminated epidemics that have led to significant mortality and morbidity across the world. E. coli, like most other waterborne infections, is tricky to discover effectively in the water supply. Therefore, there is a demand for advanced E. coli detection methods that can sensitively and rapidly detect these pathogens. This review reveals several approaches used for the detection of E. coli bacteria using conventional methods such as multiple tube fermentation and membrane filtration techniques. The emerging approaches give quite accurate and speedy identification despite the necessity for culturing; nevertheless, they lack precision and necessitate extra lab testing. Because analytical techniques such as GC‐DMS lack specificity, the invention of a sensing device that is simple to use, compact, extremely sensitive, and specific has proven essential in identifying incredibly low concentrations of harmful E. coli in drinking water.

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“…[95] Detection of total coliforms, a commonly used indicator of water contamination, has also been integrated into 2D µPADs that employ β-galactosidase, a coliform-specific enzyme to generate a chromogenic reaction. [67,71,96] Bacteriophages, viruses capable of infecting and replicating in host bacteria, are commonly used as a tool for the detection and identification of bacterial populations. A range of existing bacteriophages can be engineered with synthetic biology to contain a reporter gene, rendering them a promising tool for pathogen detection.…”

Section: Metabolic Activity and Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidics for Rapid Detection of Live Pathogens

Rossi

Coulon

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of live pathogens remains a key priority for quality control and risk assessment. While conventional methods often require complicated workflows, costly reagents, lab equipment, and are time-consuming, rendering them inadequate for field testing and lowresource settings. Increased attention has been drawn to developing alternative low-cost and rapid methods to detect on-site live pathogens in different environmental matrices. Among them, microfluidic devices that integrate various laboratory functions in a miniaturized manner have proven to be a promising tool for the rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens. Herein, the development of microfluidic devices specifically designed for the detection of live pathogens is discussed along a concise summary of novel microfluidics systems recently developed, contrasted to conventional methods regarding assay time, the limit of detection, and target organisms. These include a variety of micro total analysis systems (µTAS) and micro fluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) in combination with molecular methods and traditional live cell detection techniques, such as cell culture, DNA intercalating dyes, resazurin, and immobilized bioreceptors (e.g., aptamers and capture antibodies). Furthermore, insights on the future perspectives of microfluidics for live pathogen detection with a highlight on the rapid and low-cost method development for field testing are provided.

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Development of a Microbiological Paper-Based Analytical Device to Detect Fecal Contamination of Water in Resource-Limited Settings

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Excessive iodine in iodized household salt in Nepal

Excessive iodine in iodized household salt in Nepal

Approaches for the Detection of Escherichia coli in Wastewater: A Short Review

Microfluidics for Rapid Detection of Live Pathogens

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