Development of a Method for Sizing a Hybrid Battery Energy Storage System for Application in AC Microgrid

Abstract

This article addresses the development of the energy compensation method used for the design of hybrid energy storage systems—HBESS. The combination of two battery technologies offers better cost and performance when considering microgrid systems to provide uninterrupted power to sensitive loads (substation auxiliary system) and also provides greater energy security. In the event of a failure, the load needs to continue operating, and batteries such as lithium ions have a fast response, but are expensive for large-scale systems. However, some technologies offer low-cost and good availability of energy for long hours of discharge, such as lead–acid batteries. Consequently, different battery technologies can be used to meet all the needs of the sensitive loads. A specific method for sizing a HBESS was developed for islanded microgrids to support sensitive loads. This method was developed to meet the demand for substations outside the Brazilian standard of power systems that lack an uninterrupted and reliable energy source. The method is validated by designing a microgrid to support the auxiliary systems of a transmission substation in northeastern Brazil. The results showed a system with a capacity of 1215 kWh of lead-carbon and 242 kWh of lithium ions is necessary to maintain an islanded microgrid for at least 10 h. Furthermore, the microgrid comprises a PV plant with an AC output power of 700 kW in connected operation and 100 kW when islanded from the grid.

Development of a Tool for Sizing and Technical–Financial Analysis of Energy‐Storage Systems Using Batteries

“…However, the intermittent and weatherdependent nature of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, makes their generation uncertain and nondispatchable, challenging the stability, reliability, and quality of energy in the electrical system. [3][4][5] Battery energy-storage systems (BESS) emerge as a vital strategy in this context. BESS allows excess energy generated during periods of high production from renewable sources to be stored and discharged during periods of high demand, mitigating energy losses, and enhancing reliability.…”

Analysis of Voltage Control Strategies for DC Microgrid with Multiple Types of Energy Storage Systems

“…With the goal of minimizing the sum of system operation cost and environmental cost, as well as the sum of user interruptible load cost and system comprehensive cost, the optimal configuration capacity of a CAES/AA-CAES power station, a wind turbine generator unit and other units was obtained. Reference [29] addressed the development of the energy compensation method used for the design a hybrid energy storage system (HBESS). The study examined the energy density that each chemical element carries in its structure, as well as the electrochemical cell that can be composed of one or more elements.…”

Review of Degradation Mechanism and Health Estimation Method of VRLA Battery Used for Standby Power Supply in Power System

“…In June 2016, a fire broke out due to equipment failure, and the lead-acid battery failed to supply power in time due to failure, resulting in an accident of voltage loss in a 330 kV substation in the western suburb of Xi'an, China [4]. Similar serious accidents due to VRLA failure have also occurred in substations in other areas [5,6].…”