Development of a method for quantitation of retinol and retinyl palmitate in human serum using high-performance liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–mass spectrometry

Breemen, Richard B. van; Nikolić, Dejan; Xu, Xiao‐Ying; Xiong, Yansan; Lieshout, M. van; West, C.E.; Schilling, Alexander

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(97)01138-2

Cited by 84 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Mice fed a 4 IU vitamin A/g diet had 9.6 nmol/g ROL in liver, less than half that of the 30 IU vitamin A/g stock diet, reflecting the lower level of vitamin A in the diet. Serum and adipose ROL in mice fed a stock diet (serum, 0.9 nmol/g; adipose, 1.8 nmol/g; Table 3) was similar to literature values ranging from 0.6-1.58 nmol/g (22,23,44,48,51) and 1.67-2.9 nmol/ g (22,23), respectively. Serum and adipose values in mice fed a 4 IU vitamin A/g diet were slightly lower and one-third lower, respectively, of the stock diet.…”

Section: Comparison To Other Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Both the ROL/RE and RAL methods have sensitivity comparable to that reported for HPLC/ MS/MS (52) and better than that listed for HPLC/MS (51,53) or HPLC/UV (44). Many assays do not provide information on sensitivity (16,17,19,23-25,30,31,36) or illustrate deficits in sensitivity by reporting large tissue requirements (36).…”

Section: Comparison To Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The majority of measurements use the ROL/RE method and the RAL method, which use the same solvents and analytical column, allowing for seamless transition between the two analyses. Both the ROL/RE and the RAL methods have run times of 25 min, including re-equilibration, which is shorter than other methods, for which some separations take >100 min (17,18,(22)(23)(24)(25)30,31,48,51,53,55). Additionally, our limits of detection/quantification and linear working ranges have been characterized rigorously for each analyte, and the analyte concentration is determined from a standard curve spanning the physiological range of the analyte.…”

Section: Comparison To Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schmidt et al also provide evidence of an analytically rigorous assay appropriate for tissue retinoid quantification (44), whereas other assays have only been assessed for simpler matrices, such as serum (51,52,55), and/or have not been comprehensively characterized for analytical performance (16,17,19,(22)(23)(24)(25)30,31,36,54). Simplification of the sample matrix also enhances accuracy and the lives of guard and analytical columns.…”

Section: Comparison To Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HPLC/UV quantitation of retinal, retinol, and retinyl esters in serum and tissues

Kane

Folias

Napoli

2008

Analytical Biochemistry

156

166

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We report robust HPLC/UV methods for quantifying retinyl esters (RE), retinol (ROL) and retinal (RAL) applicable to diverse biological samples, with lower limits of detection of 0.7 pmol, 0.2 pmol, and 0.2 pmol, respectively, and linear ranges >3 orders of magnitude. These assays function well with small, complex biological samples (10-20 mg tissue). Coefficients of variation range from: intra-day, 5.9-10.0%; inter-day, 5.9-11.0%. Quantification of endogenous RE, ROL, and RAL in mouse serum and tissues (liver, kidney, adipose, muscle, spleen, testis, skin, brain, and brain regions) reveals utility. Ability to discriminate spatial concentrations of ROL and RE is illustrated with C57BL/6 mouse brain loci (hippocampus, cortex, olfactory bulb, thalamus, cerebellum, and striatum.) We also developed a method to distinguish isomeric forms of ROL to investigate precursors of retinoic acid. The ROL isomer assay has limits of detection between 3.5-4.5 pmol and a similar linear range and % CV as the ROL/RE and RAL assays. The assays described here provide for sensitive and rigorous quantification of endogenous RE, ROL, and RAL to elucidate retinoid homeostasis in disease states, such as Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cancer.

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Section: Comparison To Other Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Comparison To Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Comparison To Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison To Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

HPLC/UV quantitation of retinal, retinol, and retinyl esters in serum and tissues

Kane

Folias

Napoli

2008

Analytical Biochemistry

156

166

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“…LCMSMS has great potential in retinol tracer studies and in those of fat soluble vitamins in general. It is very sensitive and can accommodate simultaneous analysis of carotenoids, retinyl esters and free retinol [25,26,27]. LCMSMS can analyse compounds without derivatisation and, in tandem mode where the fragments analysed are of lower mass, it can potentially achieve lower LOD than GCMS when analysing isotope ratios.…”

Section: Tandem Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Existing and Emerging Technologies for Measuring Stable Isotope Labelled Retinol in Biological Samples: Isotope Dilution Analysis of Body Retinol Stores

Preston

2014

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research

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This paper discusses some of the recent improvements in instrumentation used for stable isotope tracer measurements in the context of measuring retinol stores, in vivo. Tracer costs, together with concerns that larger tracer doses may perturb the parameter under study, demand that ever more sensitive mass spectrometric techniques are developed. GCMS is the most widely used technique. It has high sensitivity in terms of sample amount and uses high resolution GC, yet its ability to detect low isotope ratios is limited by background noise. LCMSMS may become more accessible for tracer studies. Its ability to measure low level stable isotope tracers may prove superior to GCMS, but it is isotope ratio MS (IRMS) that has been designed specifi cally for low level stable isotope analysis through accurate analysis of tracer:tracee ratios (the tracee being the unlabelled species). Compound-specifi c isotope analysis, where GC is interfaced to IRMS, is gaining popularity. Here, individual 13 C-labelled compounds are separated by GC, combusted to CO 2 and transferred on-line for ratiometric analysis by IRMS at the ppm level. However, commercially-available 13 C-labelled retinol tracers are 2 -4 times more expensive than deuterated tracers. For 2 H-labelled compounds, GC-pyrolysis-IRMS has now become more generally available as an operating mode on the same IRMS instrument. Here, individual compounds are separated by GC and pyrolysed to H 2 at high temperature for analysis by IRMS. It is predicted that GC-pyrolysis-IRMS will facilitate low level tracer procedures to measure body retinol stores, as has been accomplished in the case of fatty acids and amino acids. Sample size requirements for GC-P-IRMS may exceed those of GCMS, but this paper discusses sample preparation procedures and predicts improvements, particularly in the effi ciency of sample introduction.

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Nonaqueous packed capillary electrochromatography on C18 columns: Separation of retinyl esters

1999

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Development of a method for quantitation of retinol and retinyl palmitate in human serum using high-performance liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–mass spectrometry

Cited by 84 publications

References 13 publications

HPLC/UV quantitation of retinal, retinol, and retinyl esters in serum and tissues

HPLC/UV quantitation of retinal, retinol, and retinyl esters in serum and tissues

Existing and Emerging Technologies for Measuring Stable Isotope Labelled Retinol in Biological Samples: Isotope Dilution Analysis of Body Retinol Stores

Nonaqueous packed capillary electrochromatography on C18 columns: Separation of retinyl esters

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