Development of a method and technology for the production of 3D knitted reinforcement grids

Zierold, Konrad; Steinberg, Julius; Hahn, Lars; Rittner, Steffen; Friese, Danny; Cherif, Chokri

doi:10.2478/ftee-2022-0018

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Material (a): Binding and reinforcing yarn densities are constant, draping due to lack of structural stretch in the warp knitting thread [ 58 ]. Structure (b): Constant binding and variable reinforcing yarn density and orientation [ 31 , 33 ]. Process (c): Variable binding (by adhesive or warp knitting thread) and constant reinforcing yarn density and orientation [ 34 , 56 ].…”

Section: Textile Technologies For Production Of 3d Warp Knitted Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since NCF made from high-performance fibres, such as carbon or glass, have only a low material ductility, even relatively low draping forces lead to large displacements of the yarn layers. A promising approach to compensate for the different draping forces in NCF is to give each yarn a pre-defined individual length based on the final three-dimensional shape in the draped state, hereafter referred to as the yarn reserve [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 42 , 43 , 61 ]. These yarn reserves may be unevenly distributed over the yarn laid down (inhomogeneous yarn reserve) or evenly distributed over the length of yarn laid down (homogeneous yarn reserve).…”

Section: Textile Technologies For Production Of 3d Warp Knitted Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These yarn reserves correspond to the yarn section lengths required for subsequent draping. Based on this, a technological approach for the additional creation of a weft reserve was developed in further research at the TU Dresden [ 33 , 42 ]. The two developments approaches for creating an inhomogeneous warp and weft reserve are described below.…”

Section: Textile Technologies For Production Of 3d Warp Knitted Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The industrial implementation of 3D warp knitted structures is an important basis for increasing the economic efficiency and further reducing the environmental footprint of FRC. Reducing the cost of preforming is therefore the key parameter for increasing the industrial attractiveness of composites [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Textiles Based on Warp Knitted Fabrics: A Review

et al. 2023

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Fibre-reinforced composites (FRCs) are already well established in several industrial sectors such as aerospace, automotive, plant engineering, shipbuilding and construction. The technical advantages of FRCs over metallic materials are well researched and proven. The key factors for an even wider industrial application of FRCs are the maximisation of resource and cost efficiency in the production and processing of the textile reinforcement materials. Due to its technology, warp knitting is the most productive and therefore cost-effective textile manufacturing process. In order to produce resource-efficient textile structures with these technologies, a high degree of prefabrication is required. This reduces costs by reducing the number of ply stacks, and by reducing the number of extra operations through final path and geometric yarn orientation of the preforms. It also reduces waste in post-processing. Furthermore, a high degree of prefabrication through functionalisation offers the potential to extend the application range of textile structures as purely mechanical reinforcements by integrating additional functions. So far, there is a gap in terms of an overview of the current state-of-the-art of relevant textile processes and products, which this work aims to fill. The focus of this work is therefore to provide an overview of warp knitted 3D structures.

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Section: Textile Technologies For Production Of 3d Warp Knitted Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Textile Technologies For Production Of 3d Warp Knitted Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Textile Technologies For Production Of 3d Warp Knitted Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Textiles Based on Warp Knitted Fabrics: A Review

et al. 2023

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“…In order to meet the demand for the building industry highly productive manufacturing methods on basis of the multiaxial warp knitting technology are needed. Therefor past research activities focused on the development of additional, modular systems to enhance the multiaxial warp knitting technology such as additional yarn feeding systems, 19 impregnation and consolidation systems, 20 profiling systems, 9,10,21 shaping systems 22,23 and yarn manipulation systems. 24 In order to produce net-shape NCF for concrete reinforcements focus of this study will be on yarn manipulation systems with an outlook on shaping systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a highly various warp yarn manipulation system for the fabrication of 2D net-shape non-crimp-fabrics for highly material efficient concrete reinforcements

Penzel,

Hahn,

Klug

et al. 2023

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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Textile reinforcements have revolutionized many industries, most of all aerospace, automotive and building. Due to its high performance and the significant increased lightweight potential, they have established themselves as an efficient and sustainable alternative to conventional materials. However, in view of the increasing demand of an ever growing population in contrast to a scarcity of resources and urge of material efficiency in the face of climate change, novel technologies for highly material efficient products in large-scale productions are required. In this regard, a major research field involves the multiaxial warp-knitting technique for the production of high performance textile preforms. In several steps, this technology has been further developed to enable the production of application-specific and bionic-inspired textile preforms, which are characterized by a force compliant and multi-material design. Yet the structural possibilities are still limited. This article presents a novel developed warp yarn manipulation system for multiaxial warp-knitting machines. The system enables the fabrication of 2D net-shape non-crimp-fabrics (NCF) made of up to 16 single warp yarns that specify by an alternating diagonally offset and overlapping edge-strand. This structure is suitable for the use as textile lattice girder for reinforcing concrete slab structures Hereby the developed warp yarn manipulation system allows highly various structural parameters of the 2D net-shape NCF for highest material efficiency and product variety. The technological development is discussed in means of the constructive and electronic control design as well as a specific application example for new net-shape reinforcement structures.

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New Approaches to 3D Non-Crimp Fabric Manufacturing

Hahn,

Penzel,

Friese

et al. 2024

MSF

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Textile reinforcements have outstanding load-bearing capabilities due to the excellent tensile properties of high performance multifilament yarns (e.g. carbon fibers). However, in order to take full advantage of their high potential, it is necessary to ensure that the filaments run in a straight line. In order to guarantee this straight filament course, the highly efficient multiaxial warp knitting process is used for the production of 2D non-crimp fabrics (NCF) as textile preforms. In various industrial applications, most structures have complex 3D geometries. Therefore, the 2D textile needs to be shaped for reinforcement, which often results in a rearrangement of the filament orientation. Consequently, the 3D shaping process has to be taken into account during the textile production or in the shaping process itself in order to guarantee the highest mechanical properties. Using the example of lattice girders for concrete reinforcement, a new approach for the fabrication of 3D textile lattice girders in a continous shaping process is presented. The results of the production tests of the developed technology approach show no apparent filament damage and exact roving orientation with no inadvertent deflection, compression or bulging, indicating a precise and gentle shaping process. The developed technology contributes to the future reduction of the production costs of 3D textile reinforcements.

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Development of a method and technology for the production of 3D knitted reinforcement grids

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

3D Textiles Based on Warp Knitted Fabrics: A Review

3D Textiles Based on Warp Knitted Fabrics: A Review

Development of a highly various warp yarn manipulation system for the fabrication of 2D net-shape non-crimp-fabrics for highly material efficient concrete reinforcements

New Approaches to 3D Non-Crimp Fabric Manufacturing

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