Development of a measure of drinking and driving expectancies for youth.

McCarthy, Denis M.; Pedersen, Sarah L.; Thompsen, Dana M.; Leuty, Melanie E.

doi:10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.155

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…These variables should also be taken into consideration as a screening procedure when designing training programs for teen drivers, so that the program could be created according to the characteristics of each type of drivers, predicting which drivers are at risk of driving under the influence of alcohol and, so, to be able to intervene in advance. Moreover, as attitudes can change due to experience, prevention and intervention, they seem to be a good target and outcome measure for intervention programs (Jewell et al, 2008;McCarthy et al, 2006). Additionally, as personality predicts adherence to intervention programs, it should be taken into account in order to promote criminal deterrence (Harkness & Lilienfeld, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes do matter: The role of attitudes and personality in DUI offenders

Jornet‐Gibert

Gallardo-Pujol

Suso

et al. 2013

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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a b s t r a c tSeveral studies have related personality variables with antisocial behavior. Among antisocial behaviors, driving under the influence (DUI) has received growing attention in recent years, particularly in relation to the role of personality. However, it has been shown that personality alone is not sufficient to accurately predict DUI. As a result, there is growing interest in identifying other types of individual differences that might predict this behavior better, such as attitudinal variables. The aim of this study was to examine differences in personality dimensions and attitudes between a group of DUI offenders and a comparison group. Ninety-eight subjects were assessed: 51 subjects who had been convicted of a DUI offense following a diversion program, and 47 drivers without criminal records. Personality was measured with the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and antisocial attitudes were assessed with the Jesness InventoryRevised. Results indicated that offenders were more prone to show antisocial attitudes (p < .001) than comparisons. In terms of personality, there were no significant differences between the two groups. These findings suggest that attitudes may be useful predictors of DUI and should be taken into account in interventions designed to avoid recidivism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes do matter: The role of attitudes and personality in DUI offenders

Jornet‐Gibert

Gallardo-Pujol

Suso

et al. 2013

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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“…They provide information about accessible and consequently relevant health cognitions. Such responses are useful for identifying personally relevant issues for qualitative analysis and have been used effectively in questionnaire development (Leigh & Stacy, 1993;Markland & Hardy, 1993;McCarthy, Pedersen, Thompsen, & Leuty, 2006). The present method provides a valid and efficient coding procedure that reduces ambiguity and solves a critical problem in sociates correlate with corresponding levels of alcohol and marijuana use in the population of college students.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-coded indirect memory associations and

Krank

Schoenfeld

Frigon

2010

Behavior Research Methods

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“…However, our results, as well as results from longitudinal studies of adult driving-under-theinfl uence offenders (Greenberg et al, 2005), may indicate that these perceptions are not important determinants of drinking-and-driving decisions over time. Recent studies have indicated that perceptions about potential consequences are not as infl uential as perceived benefi ts in determining laboratory risk decisions (Gardner and Steinberg, 2005), risky driving (McKenna and Horswill, 2006), and driving after drinking (McCarthy et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal Associations Between Drinking-and-Driving Behavior and Cognitions in Adolescents

McCarthy

Pedersen

2009

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT.Objective: The present study tested reciprocal associations between drinking-and-driving behavior and cognitions as youths transition to driving independently. We hypothesized that experience with driving and experience with drinking and driving would effect changes in cognitions about drinking and driving over time. We also tested cognitions as predictors of later drinking-and-driving behavior. Method: Two hundred and two high school youths completed mailed questionnaire measures at two time points, approximately 8 months apart. Questionnaire measures assessed youths' drinking-and-driving behavior, riding with a drinking driver, drinking-and-driving attitudes, normative beliefs, and perceived negative consequences at both time points. Results: Consistent with hypotheses, prior drinking-and-driving experience infl uenced changes in drinking-and-driving cognitions. Youths with drinking-anddriving experience at Time 1 saw drinking and driving as more dangerous over time; however, they perceived their peers as more accepting of this behavior. Time 1 attitudes predicted increased drinking-and-driving frequency at Time 2, and normative beliefs predicted increased frequency of riding with a drinking driver. Conclusions: These results support reciprocal associations between drinking-and-driving cognitions and behavior. Results of this study may have implications for the timing and content of drinking-and-driving interventions to reduce drinking and driving as well as riding with a drinking driver. , young drivers consume a greater amount of alcohol before driving and consider it safe to drive at higher blood alcohol concentrations than older drivers (Hingson and Winter, 2003). Compared with older drivers, youths are also at increased risk for alcohol-related traffi c crashes (Keall et al., 2004;Zador et al., 2000). Given this, it is important to understand risk processes that can infl uence and maintain youths' drinking-and-driving behaviors.The present study examines reciprocal associations between drinking-and-driving behavior and cognitions as youths transition to driving independently. Cognitive factors, such as attitudes and normative beliefs, are conceptualized as signifi cant antecedents of health risk behaviors in general (e.g., Ajzen and Fishbein, 2005;Sturges and Rogers, 1996) and substance-related behaviors in particular (Petraitis et al., 1995). However, there is also ample evidence from laboratory (Olsen and Stone, 2005) and longitudinal (Gerrard et al., 1996;Smith et al., 1995a) studies that engaging in a behavior can infl uence cognitions about that behavior. Reciprocal infl uences over time are an important component of developmental models of risk for externalizing problems in youths (Dodge and Pettit, 2003).Adolescent driving behavior can provide an ideal platform for examining reciprocal associations between cognitions and behavior. For youths, obtaining a driver's license is an important developmental transition, which can infl uence both the frequency and context of substance involvement (...

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Development of a measure of drinking and driving expectancies for youth.

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Attitudes do matter: The role of attitudes and personality in DUI offenders

Attitudes do matter: The role of attitudes and personality in DUI offenders

Self-coded indirect memory associations and

Reciprocal Associations Between Drinking-and-Driving Behavior and Cognitions in Adolescents

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