Development of a Lidar System for Measuring Methane Using a Gas Correlation Method

Minato, Atsushi; Joarder, Md. Mahbubul Alam; Ozawa, Satoru; Kadoya, Minoru; Sugimoto, Naoki

doi:10.1143/jjap.38.6130

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There are a few publications reporting successful measurements of atmospheric CO 2 columns by ground-based instruments using laser transmitters at wavelengths near 2.0 µm and 4.8 µm [10][11][12][13]. In the case of active remote sensing of CH 4 there are several operational instruments for gas leak detection operating in the 3.3-µm or 1.6-µm spectral regions [14][15][16][17]. Various laser transmitters are employed such as optical parametric oscillators (OPOs), CO:MgF 2 lasers, DF lasers, Ti:sapphire lasers with Raman shifting, or harmonic generation of CO 2 lasers [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space-borne remote sensing of CO2, CH4, and N2O by integrated path differential absorption lidar: a sensitivity analysis

et al. 2008

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CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O are recognised as the most important greenhouse gases, the concentrations of which increase rapidly through human activities. Space-borne integrated path differential absorption lidar allows global observations at day and night over land and water surfaces in all climates. In this study we investigate potential sources of measurement errors and compare them with the scientific requirements. Our simulations reveal that moderate-size instruments in terms of telescope aperture (0.5-1.5 m) and laser average power (0.4-4 W) potentially have a low random error of the greenhouse gas column which is 0.2% for CO 2 and 0.4% for CH 4 for soundings at 1.6 µm, 0.4% for CO 2 at 2.1 µm, 0.6% for CH 4 at 2.3 µm, and 0.3% for N 2 O at 3.9 µm. Coherent detection instruments are generally limited by speckle noise, while direct detection instruments suffer from high detector noise using current technology. The wavelength selection in the vicinity of the absorption line is critical as it controls the height region of highest sensitivity, the temperature cross-sensitivity, and the demands on frequency stability. For CO 2 , an error budget of 0.08% is derived from our analysis of the sources of systematic errors. Among them, the frequency stability of ± 0.3 MHz for the laser transmitter and spectral purity of 99.9% in conjunction with a narrow-band spectral filter of 1 GHz (FWHM) are identified to be challenging instrument requirements for a direct detection CO 2 system operating at 1.6 µm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space-borne remote sensing of CO2, CH4, and N2O by integrated path differential absorption lidar: a sensitivity analysis

et al. 2008

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“…Optical methods are typically separated into active and passive technologies, distinguished by whether or not an external radiation source is required, respectively. 19 Active optical monitoring methods include LIDAR, 20,21 diode laser absorption, 22 millimeter-wave radar, 23 backscatter imaging, 24,25 broad band absorption, 26 and optical fiber monitoring. 27 These methods rely on the adsorption and/or scattering of light by methane, active optical monitoring can be implemented both in shortrange handheld detectors as well as high-altitude aerial and satellite monitoring.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Mixed Potential Electrochemical Sensors and Artificial Neural Networks for the Quantificationand Identification of Methane in Natural Gas Emissions Monitoring

Halley

Tsui

Garzón

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Sensors capable of quantifying methane concentration and discriminating between possible sources are needed for natural gas leak detection where multiple spatially overlapping sources including wetlands and agriculture may be present. We report on the fabrication by an additive manufacturing process of a four electrode La0.87Sr0.13CrO3, Indium Tin Oxide (In2O3 90 wt%, SnO2 10 wt%), Au, Pt mixed potential electrochemical sensor using yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as a solid electrolyte to natural gas detection. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used to automatically decode the possible source and concentration of methane. The ANNs trained on sensor data are capable of correctly discriminating between three sources of methane emissions from simulated mixtures of emissions from cattle, wetlands, or natural gas with >98% accuracy. Quantification error for methane in mixtures of CH4 in air, CH4 + NH3 in air, and simulated natural gas is less than 1.5% ppm when a two-temperature dataset is employed.

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“…The AMR-configuration is closed to a low-spectral-resolution differential absorption spectroscopy scheme which uses a broadband laser source instead of a spectrally Remote sensing of atmospheric gases 269 extended light source (white light continuum, spectroscopic lamp, natural light source) or a narrow band laser. Amplitude modulation at the reception has also been performed by Edner et al [21] and Minato et al [19]. However, in these cases, the modulation is performed thanks to a gas cell containing the target gas instead of optical filters as in our case.…”

Section: Amplitude Modulation and Detection Scheme In The Amr-configumentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Among these recent advances, we may mention novel research achievements on remote sensing of greenhouse gases, by using a broadband laser source instead of a narrowband laser. Examples of these new advances are the broadband differential absorption lidar [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and the optical correlation spectroscopy lidar (OCS-lidar) methodology, introduced by B. Thomas et al [20]. The OCS-lidar methodology is a new differential absorption spectroscopy method based on pioneer work performed on gas correlation lidar [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of atmospheric gases with optical correlation spectroscopy and lidar: first experimental results on water vapor profile measurements

et al. 2013

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In this paper, the first experimental demonstration of the optical correlation spectroscopy lidar (OCS-lidar) is proposed. It is a new active remote sensing methodology to measure range-resolved atmospheric gas concentrations, based on broadband laser spectroscopy and light amplitude modulation. As a first step, a numerical study is performed for OCS-lidar measurements to optimize the accuracy of the range-resolved gas concentration measurement. Then, we demonstrate the ability of the OCS-lidar methodology to monitor the water vapor in the planetary boundary layer using the 4m 720-nm absorption band. In addition to this first experimental proof, two different experimental configurations are proposed. The amplitude modulation, related to the optical correlation spectroscopy, is operated either at the emission with an active amplitude modulator before the backscattering process, or with passive optical filters on the laser backscattered light. For both configurations, range-resolved gas concentration measurements, achieved with a micro-pulse ground-based OCS-lidar, are presented. An extended discussion presents the mixing-ratio accuracy, which reaches ±1,000 ppm at a 2,000-m range for a range resolution of 200 m. The differences between the two experimental configurations are also discussed.

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Development of a Lidar System for Measuring Methane Using a Gas Correlation Method

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Space-borne remote sensing of CO2, CH4, and N2O by integrated path differential absorption lidar: a sensitivity analysis

Space-borne remote sensing of CO2, CH4, and N2O by integrated path differential absorption lidar: a sensitivity analysis

Combined Mixed Potential Electrochemical Sensors and Artificial Neural Networks for the Quantificationand Identification of Methane in Natural Gas Emissions Monitoring

Remote sensing of atmospheric gases with optical correlation spectroscopy and lidar: first experimental results on water vapor profile measurements

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