Development of a high performance electrochemical wastewater treatment system

Feng, Chuanping; Sugiura, Norío; Shimada, Satoru; Maekawa, Taira

doi:10.1016/s0304-3894(03)00222-x

Cited by 216 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Ammonia, as one of the major nitrogen-containing pollutants, is a source of nutrients that may accelerate the eutrophication and algal growth in natural water (Feng et al, 2003;Nemoto et al, 2006). The abatement of ammonia in wastewater discharged has become a prime issue of environmental control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical process combined with UV light irradiation for synergistic degradation of ammonia in chloride-containing solutions

Xiao¹,

Qu²,

Zhao³

et al. 2009

Water Research

130

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Active chlorine radicals a b s t r a c tAn electrochemical process combined with ultraviolet light irradiation (UPE) using nonphotoactive dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) like RuO 2 /Ti and IrO 2 /Ti in the presence of chlorides was investigated for ammonia degradation. In this process, the in situ electrogenerated active chlorine and in situ photogenerated chlorine radicals were responsible for the high efficiency of ammonia degradation. More than 97% of ammonia was converted to nitrogen and a significantly synergistic effect was confirmed. Compared with the single electrochemical (E) and photochemical (P) process, the degradation rates of ammonia and the average current efficiencies (ACEs) of the UPE process increased by 1.5 and 1.7 times using RuO 2 /Ti and IrO 2 /Ti electrodes, respectively. On the basis of the linear voltammograms, Electrochemical Impedance Spectra (EIS), UV-vis spectra, Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) analysis and a series of experiments designed, the synergistic mechanism was investigated. In addition, this unique process succeeded in transferring the reaction from the electrode surface to the bulk of the solution compared with the conventional photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) process. The loss of chloride decreased from 21.0% to 7.2% and the recycle of chloride was accelerated in the UPE process. Finally the effects of initial pH, current density and ammonia-nitrogen concentration were discussed. Results indicated that pH and ammonia concentration exerted little influences on the degradation rates and current density was the ''rate-determining'' factor. ª 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. IntroductionAmmonia, as one of the major nitrogen-containing pollutants, is a source of nutrients that may accelerate the eutrophication and algal growth in natural water (Feng et al., 2003;Nemoto et al., 2006). The abatement of ammonia in wastewater discharged has become a prime issue of environmental control. High concentrations of ammonia in wastewater effluents deplete dissolved oxygen, reduce chlorine disinfection efficiency, and exhibit acute toxicity to aquatic life. There are several methods for ammonia removal from water and wastewater, including biological process (Kalyuzhnyi et al., 2006), ammonia stripping (Bonmati and Flotats, 2003), ion exchange (Lin and Wu, 1996), breakpoint chlorination (Thomas et al., 1972), photocatalysis (Zhu et al., 2005) and electrochemical process (Chiang et al., 1995;Kim et al., 2006;Wang et al., 2006). Electrochemical method for the advanced treatment of ammonia in the wastewater has attracted a great deal of * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ86 10 62849151; fax: þ86 10 62923558. E-mail address: jhqu@rcees.ac.cn (J. Qu).A v a i l a b l e a t w w w . s c i e n c e d i r e c t . w a t e r r e s e a r c h 4 3 ( 2 0 0 9 ) 1 4 3 2 -1 4 4 0

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical process combined with UV light irradiation for synergistic degradation of ammonia in chloride-containing solutions

Xiao¹,

Qu²,

Zhao³

et al. 2009

Water Research

130

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“…It has been also reported that Ti/TiO 2 -RuO 2 anode can efficiently remove NH 3 with the appropriate amount of Cl -concentration in the electrolyte [11]. The NO 3 -removal from potable water and wastewater as well as the concentrated solutions that come from the reverse osmosis (RO), electro-dialysis (ED) and ion exchange (IE) resin is a critical issue in environmental technology.…”

Section: Nitrate Removal Using Electrochemically Produced Hoclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Operational Parameters on Rapid Nitrate Removal Using an Electrochemical Flow Cell

Ashadullah¹,

Kishimoto²

2016

IJESD

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Abstract-Nitrate contamination is a great concern all over the world. However, the conventional biological processes like the modified Ludzack-Ettinger process are time-consuming. Accordingly, a rapid process for nitrate removal is desired. We conceived an electrochemical process for rapid removal of nitrate, which contained electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia and electrochemical break-point chlorination of ammonia. In this research, we investigated effects of operational parameters such as volumetric electric charge, flow rate and chloride ion concentration on electrochemical nitrate removal. A hand-made divided flow cell with a copper mesh cathode, a platinum-coated titanium anode and a cation exchange membrane as a separator was developed as well as applied to the treatment of synthetic water containing 1.42 mM of nitrate at various volumetric electric charges, flow rates and chloride ion concentrations. As a result, it was observed that the flow cell operated at a flow rate of 20 mL/min, chloride ion concentration of 800 mg/L, volumetric electric charge of 5,100 C/L and at pH 7 successfully removed nitrate from 1.42 mM to 0.43 mM without ammonia and nitrite accumulation within 1 minute contact time. Consequently, the electrochemical technique was thought to be feasible for the rapid removal of nitrate from water streams.Index Terms-Break-point chlorination, biological process, electrochemical process, nitrate contamination.

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“…Cependant, une autre méthode indirecte de détection des radicaux peut être utilisée. Le principe consiste à piéger le radical étudié par une substance susceptible (ex : p-nitrosodiméthylaniline) de former un adduit stable, lequel sera par la suite isolé et ensuite analysé par une technique de RSE (Résonance de Spin Électronique) (FENG et al, 2003;SCHALLER, 1996 …”

Section: Méthodes De Détection Des Radicaux Libresunclassified

Procédés d’oxydation avancée dans le traitement des eaux et des effluents industriels: Application à la dégradation des polluants réfractaires

Zaviska

Drogui

Mercier

et al. 2009

rseau

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Cette synthèse traite des procédés d’oxydation avancée (POA) pour le traitement des eaux et des effluents industriels. Ces procédés mettent pour la plupart en combinaison deux ou trois réactifs (oxydants) afin de produire des radicaux hydroxyles. Les radicaux libres sont des espèces hautement actives capables de réagir rapidement et de manière non sélective sur la plupart des composés organiques, réputés difficilement oxydables par voie biologique ou par des traitements chimiques conventionnels. Les POA peuvent être subdivisés en quatre groupes : les procédés d’oxydation chimique en phase homogène (H2O2/Fe2+ et H2O2/O3), les procédés photocatalytiques en phase homogène et/ou hétérogène (H2O2/UV, O3/UV et Fe2+/H2O2/UV; TiO2/UV), les procédés d’oxydation sonochimique et les procédés d’oxydation électrochimique. Le couplage H2O2/Fe2+ représente le système d’oxydation avancée le plus connu et le moins complexe, lequel est souvent employé dans le traitement des effluents industriels. Cependant, dans le domaine de la potabilisation des eaux, le système le plus utilisé et le plus éprouvé est le couplage H2O2/O3 couramment employé pour l’élimination des composés phytosanitaires (pesticides). Les procédés d’oxydation électrochimiques, photocatalytiques et sonochimiques sont des technologies qui nécessitent en général moins de réactif et sont faciles d’automatisation par comparaison aux autres POA. Ces procédés sont présentement en pleine expansion dans le domaine des technologies environnementales, ceci afin d’améliorer les systèmes existants de traitement des eaux usées municipales et industrielles, ou à remplacer les technologies conventionnelles peu efficaces pour l’enlèvement de contaminants organiques réfractaires, inorganiques et microbiens. De nombreuses études réalisées à l’échelle laboratoire ont clairement prouvé l’efficacité des POA pour le traitement de divers effluents. Cependant, le développement de ces procédés dans les filières de traitement des eaux reste encore limité en raison des coûts d’investissement et des coûts opératoires associés. Des solutions et stratégies sont proposées dans ce document, telles que le développement de procédés hybrides et leur couplage avec des traitements biologiques conventionnels, et ce, afin de pallier certaines contraintes spécifiques des POA et faciliter ainsi leur insertion dans les filières de traitement des eaux et des effluents industriels. Ce document a pour objectif de faire une synthèse des différents POA, d’en expliquer leur principe de fonctionnement, de déterminer les différents paramètres les gouvernant, ainsi que leurs applications dans le traitement des eaux et des effluents.This review deals with advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for water and wastewater treatment. Most AOPs combine two or three chemical oxidants in order to produce hydroxyl radicals. These free radicals are species capable of oxidizing numerous complex organic, non-chemically oxidizable or difficulty oxidizable compounds. They efficiently react with carbon-carbon double bonds and attack t...

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Development of a high performance electrochemical wastewater treatment system

Cited by 216 publications

References 21 publications

Electrochemical process combined with UV light irradiation for synergistic degradation of ammonia in chloride-containing solutions

Electrochemical process combined with UV light irradiation for synergistic degradation of ammonia in chloride-containing solutions

Influence of Operational Parameters on Rapid Nitrate Removal Using an Electrochemical Flow Cell

Procédés d’oxydation avancée dans le traitement des eaux et des effluents industriels: Application à la dégradation des polluants réfractaires

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