Development of a high-capacitance flexible supercapacitor with enhanced cycling stability based on nanotubular polyaniline-modified titanium sheet

Efficient removal of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution using Zn–C battery derived graphene oxide enhanced by hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and π-π interaction

“…Graphite powder gives the diffraction peak at 2θ = 26.4°, corresponding to the crystal plane (002), with a d-spacing of 0.33 nm calculated from Bragg's equation [ 70 , 71 ]. In the pattern of GO, the peak appeared at 2θ = 11.32° which corresponds to crystal plane (001) [ 72 ], and the d-spacing was calculated to be 0.78 nm, these are characteristics of GO as supported by previous studies [ [64] , [65] , [66] ]. The increase in d-spacing between the layers in GO compared to graphite is due to the functional groups introduced into the carbon layers by oxidation [ 73 ].…”

Green Reduction of Waste-Battery-Derived Graphene Oxide by Jute Leaves and Its Application for the Removal of Tetracyclines from Aqueous Media

“…Figure a illustrates the FTIR spectra of GO and GrGO (before and after the adsorption of TCs). A significant strong and broad peak was observed at 3480 cm –1 , which is the stretching mode of the O–H (hydroxyl) group of GO. − The stretching mode of the CO (carbonyl group) appeared at 1724 cm –1 . − Strong stretching peaks at 1055 and 1625 cm –1 are characteristic of the aromatic CC and C–O–C (epoxy groups) functional groups of GO. − The C–H characteristic bending peak of aromatic benzene rings appeared at 860 cm –1 . − These FTIR results confirm that synthesized GO is filled with oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl, epoxy, carboxyl, and carbonyl, which suggest that recovered graphite from waste battery has been successfully oxidized. , After reduction of GO by jute leaf extract, the peak intensities of oxygenated functional groups were significantly decreased compared to the peak intensities of GO. This phenomenon suggests that GrGO contains less oxygen functionalized groups and GO is successfully reduced using jute leaf extract.…”

“…The XRD pattern of GO and rGO are shown in Figure b. In the case of graphite powder (recovered from waste battery), a prominent peak observed at 2θ = 26.5° corresponds to the (002) plane with d -spacing 0.33 nm. − The synthesized GO from waste battery shows sharp peaks at 2θ = 11.7° and 42.5°, which are assigned to the GO’s (001) plane ( d -spacing of 0.89 nm), and (100) plane ( d -spacing of 0.21 nm), respectively. ,− The XRD spectrum of GrGO demonstrated the disappearance of the GO peak, which revealed that GO is successfully reduced to GrGO. The (002) reflection plane of GrGO is broad, suggesting that the samples are very weakly regulated along the stacking direction and confirming that these samples are mostly made up of free graphene sheets.…”

“…52−54 The stretching mode of the C�O (carbonyl group) appeared at 1724 cm −1 . 55− 58 Strong stretching peaks at 1055 and 1625 cm −1 are characteristic of the aromatic C�C and C−O−C (epoxy groups) functional groups of GO. 59−61 The C−H characteristic bending peak of aromatic benzene rings appeared at 860 cm −1 .…”