Development of a fusion and fission power system based on direct-action microtargets and a high-power heavy-ion driver

Alekseev, N. N.; Basko, M. M.; Zabrodina, E. A.; Imshennik, V. S.; Koshkarev, D.G.; Churazov, M.D.; Sharkov, B.; Dolgoleva, G. V.; Zhukov, V. T.; Zabrodin, A.; Maslennikov, M. V.; Orlov, Yu. N.; Subbotin, V. I.

doi:10.1007/pl00021745

At Energy

2004

DOI: 10.1007/pl00021745

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Development of a fusion and fission power system based on direct-action microtargets and a high-power heavy-ion driver

N. N. Alekseev

M. M. Basko

E. A. Zabrodina

et al.

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“…Numerical simulation of the energy distribution in such a hybrid target, which was performed in [18], has shown that the energy released in the core can exceed the energy released in DT fusion. Under the action of fast neutrons, a short (in three generations) fission chain reaction arises in the core from 238 U, the pressure in the shell increases substantially, and additional compression of the DT mixture occurs.…”

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“…The fusion reaction increases this value to 1.4 GW. It is important to note that if the pusher does not contain fissioning material, for example, it is made of gold [15,18], then only 40% of the DT mixture burns, and this corresponds to energy release 210 MJ. This means that in a hybrid target the nuclear and thermonuclear components do not simply add, but rather they intensify one another.…”

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“…The hybrid target in an ideal configuration consists of a straight circular multilayer cylinder (see Table 1). According to the calculations performed in [18], 2% of the uranium located in zone 1 and 60% of the DT mixture located in zone 0 are burned in one microexplosion. This releases 680 MJ of energy, including 320 MJ as a result of thermonuclear fusion and 360 MJ as a result of 238 U fission.…”

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Power Plant for Heavy-Ion DT Fusion with Targets Containing Fissioning Materials

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The special features of the concept of a hybrid power-generating plant, which combines the fusion and fission processes in a cylindrical target initiated by a high-power heavy-ion accelerator, are analyzed. The main advantages of the proposed setup are: burning of unenriched 238 U in the reactor cavity, continuous removal of fission products from the core, and impossibility of an uncontrollable nuclear reaction. The characteristics of matched heavy ion accelerator, target, reactor chamber, and blanket with circulating coolant in the blanket are presented, and the power parameters of the electric power plant are estimated.Evolution of the Concept of Hybrid Nuclear Power Systems. Different physical principles for producing energy can be used in nuclear power reactors: fission of actinides, fusion of light elements, or a combination of both of these reactions (hybrid system). In our view, a hybrid nuclear power system will have the highest energy production efficiency. In fission systems, most of the energy is contained in fission products, and the neutrons, although they do initiate this process, make a relatively small contribution to energy release. Conversely, in the DT fusion reaction the neutrons produced carry most of the energy. A combination of the fission and fusion processes in a single system would make it possible to increase substantially the specific power release (per unit mass of nuclear fuel). The fission energy increases the gain of the entire system (ratio of the obtained energy to the energy consumed), which for a prescribed power level decreases the requirements for increasing the power of the thermonuclear target itself. Burning uranium fuel in a hybrid reactor does not require critical parameters, which makes the system much safer. These considerations form the basis for various proposals for the development of hybrid nuclear power systems.In the first hybrid schemes, it was proposed that the thermonuclear reaction can be realized in some way (magnetic confinement, laser or ionic inertial confinement fusion, reaction on Z pinches), and the power of the reaction can be varied over the required limits so that the neutron flux would be controllable and would give the required fission of heavy nuclei in a subcritical assembly.For laser-driven thermonuclear fusion, hybrid schemes were first proposed in [1,2]. The designs of these reactors were studied in [3][4][5]. Specifically, it was shown in [4, 5] that an energy gain ~10 3 can be obtained as a result of fission in

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Power Plant for Heavy-Ion DT Fusion with Targets Containing Fissioning Materials

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Development of a fusion and fission power system based on direct-action microtargets and a high-power heavy-ion driver

Cited by 1 publication

References 1 publication

Power Plant for Heavy-Ion DT Fusion with Targets Containing Fissioning Materials

Power Plant for Heavy-Ion DT Fusion with Targets Containing Fissioning Materials

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