Development of a fetch dependent sea-spray source function using aerosol concentration measurements in the North-Western Mediterranean

Laussac, Stéphane; Piazzola, Jacques; Tedeschi, Gilles; Yohia, Christophe; Canepa, Elisa; Rizza, Umberto; Eijk, J. van

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.09.009

Cited by 16 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Indeed, the occurrence of substantial sea spray production needs wind with an intensity and duration strong enough to allow its formation [53]. For PM 2.5 , the component prevailing on average was the carbonaceous aerosols (35.3%), which reached the maximum value in the Phlegraean Fields (1) (56.2%), thus reinforcing the preceding hypothesis involving the vehicular traffic contribution in this area.…”

Section: Percentage Chemical Composition Of Pmsupporting

confidence: 70%

Contribution of Volcanic and Fumarolic Emission to the Aerosol in Marine Atmosphere in the Central Mediterranean Sea: Results from Med-Oceanor 2017 Cruise Campaign

et al. 2020

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This work studied the contribution of the geogenic sources volcanoes and fumaroles to the aerosol in marine atmosphere in the central Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, in the framework of the Med-Oceanor measurement program, we carried out a cruise campaign in the summer of 2017 to investigate the impact to the aerosol of the most important Mediterranean volcanoes (Mount Etna, Stromboli Island, and Marsili Seamount) and solfatara areas (Phlegraean Fields complex, Volcano Islands, Ischia Island, and Panarea submarine fumarole). We collected PM10 and PM2.5 samples in 12 sites and performed chemical characterization to gather information about the concentration of major and trace elements, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and ionic species. The use of triangular plots and the calculation of enrichment factors confirmed the interception of volcanic plume. We integrated the outcomes from chemical characterization with the use of factor analysis and SEM/EDX analysis for the source apportionment. Anthropogenic and natural sources including shipping emissions, volcanic and fumarolic load, as well as sea spray were identified as the main factors affecting aerosol levels in the study area. Furthermore, we performed pattern recognition analysis by stepwise linear discriminant analysis to seek differences in the composition of PM10 and PM2.5 samples according to their volcanic or solfatara origin.

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Section: Percentage Chemical Composition Of Pmsupporting

confidence: 70%

Contribution of Volcanic and Fumarolic Emission to the Aerosol in Marine Atmosphere in the Central Mediterranean Sea: Results from Med-Oceanor 2017 Cruise Campaign

et al. 2020

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“…To assess sea-state effects on SSA emissions that determine SSA modeling in the atmosphere, the wave-age-dependent L18 parameterization for the whitecap fraction estimation proposed by Laussac et al [42] was implemented in the density function (Equation (4)) in the GOCART module modifying several modules of CHAOS components. It is important to note here that the simulations were suitably designed to differ only on whitecap fraction parameterization used following M80 and L18 approaches.…”

Section: Atmospheric-wave Model Exchange Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such approaches may lead to biases of the simulated SSA concentrations when comparing against in-situ measurements [34]. In this context, several research groups have begun to enrich SSA emission estimation with ocean-related parameters either through more complete estimations of whitecap fraction [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] or through other approaches, for example, estimating Reynolds number dependent on significant wave height [43]. Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, a sea-state-dependent parameterization for whitecap fraction estimation which was proposed by Laussac et al [42] (L18 hereafter) and based on the initial work of Lafon et al [38], was implemented in the SSA emission parameterization of the coupled Chemical Hydrological Atmospheric Ocean wave System (CHAOS) [44][45][46][47][48][49]. CHAOS encompasses the Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) version 4.0 atmospheric model [50] including the WRF-Chem version 4.0 chemical model [51] and, two-way coupled with the version 4.5.4 wave model (WAM) [52][53][54] through the OASIS3-MCT v3.0 coupler [55,56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Sea-State Effects on Sea-Salt Aerosol Modeling in the Lower Atmosphere Using Lidar and In-Situ Measurements

et al. 2021

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Atmospheric-chemical coupled models usually parameterize sea-salt aerosol (SSA) emissions using whitecap fraction estimated considering only wind speed and ignoring sea state. This approach may introduce inaccuracies in SSA simulation. This study aims to assess the impact of sea state on SSA modeling, applying a new parameterization for whitecap fraction estimation based on wave age, calculated by the ratio between wave phase velocity and wind speed. To this end, the new parameterization was incorporated in the coupled Chemical Hydrological Atmospheric Ocean wave modeling System (CHAOS). CHAOS encompasses the wave model (WAM) two-way coupled through the OASIS3-MCT coupler with the Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-ARW-Chem) and, thus, enabling the concurrent simulation of SSAs, wind speed and wave phase velocity. The simulation results were evaluated against in-situ and lidar measurements at 2 stations in Greece (Finokalia on 4 and 15 July 2014 and Antikythera-PANGEA on 15 September 2018). The results reveal significant differences between the parameterizations with the new one offering a more realistic representation of SSA levels in some layers of the lower atmosphere. This is attributed to the enhancement of the bubble-bursting mechanism representation with air-sea processes controlling whitecap fraction. Our findings also highlight the contribution of fresh wind-generated waves to SSA modeling.

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“…Despite the efforts of the scientific community, numerical modeling of desert dust and sea spray transport is still challenging due to the high uncertainties related to emission features, and to the simulation of ambient conditions, mainly wind speed, which is one of the main drivers of both processes (e.g., [14,15]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WRF Sensitivity Analysis in Wind and Temperature Fields Simulation for the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean Basin

et al. 2020

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Different configurations for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model were evaluated to improve wind and temperature fields predictions in the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean basin. Eight setups, associated with different combinations of the surface layer physical parameters, the land surface model, and the grid nudging parameters, were considered. Numerical simulations covered the entire month of November 2017. Model results were compared with surface data from meteorological stations. The introduction of the grid nudging parameters leads to a general improvement of the modeled 10 m wind speed and 2 m temperature. In particular, nudging of wind speed parameter inside the planetary boundary layer (PBL) provides the most remarkable differences. In contrast, the nudging of temperature and relative humidity parameters inside the PBL may be switched off to reduce computational time and data storage. Furthermore, it was shown that the prediction of the 10 m wind speed and 2 m temperature is quite sensitive to the choice of the surface layer scheme and the land surface model. This paper provides useful suggestions to improve the setup of the WRF model in the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean basin. These results are also relevant for topics related with the emission of mineral dust and sea spray within the Mediterranean region.

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Development of a fetch dependent sea-spray source function using aerosol concentration measurements in the North-Western Mediterranean

Cited by 16 publications

References 60 publications

Contribution of Volcanic and Fumarolic Emission to the Aerosol in Marine Atmosphere in the Central Mediterranean Sea: Results from Med-Oceanor 2017 Cruise Campaign

Contribution of Volcanic and Fumarolic Emission to the Aerosol in Marine Atmosphere in the Central Mediterranean Sea: Results from Med-Oceanor 2017 Cruise Campaign

Assessing Sea-State Effects on Sea-Salt Aerosol Modeling in the Lower Atmosphere Using Lidar and In-Situ Measurements

WRF Sensitivity Analysis in Wind and Temperature Fields Simulation for the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean Basin

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