Development of a DOPO-containing benzoxazine and its high-performance flame retardant copolybenzoxazines

Spontón, Marisa Elisabet; Lligadas, Gerard; Ronda, Juan C.; Galià, Marina; Cádiz, Virgínia

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.06.020

Cited by 100 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, halogen-free flame retardants have been becoming one of the most promising flame retardants. [1][2][3][4] Non-halogen flame retardants are divided into inorganic and organic flame retardants. Generally, inorganic flame retardants have lower flame retardancy, and a high addition (more than 60 wt %) are needed, but they are less harmful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its initial decomposition temperature was 236. 4 C based on 1% mass loss, and its char residue was 41.2 wt % at 600 C, and 22.9 wt % at 800 C, respectively. The flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of novel intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene (IFR-PP) composites containing DOPNP were investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, TGA, cone calorimeter (CONE) test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of a novel phosphorus‐containing compound on the flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A novel flame retardant, tetra(5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxaphosphorinanyl-2-oxy) neopentane (DOPNP), was synthesized successfully, and its structure was characterized by FT-IR, 1 H NMR, and 31 P NMR. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results demonstrate that DOPNP showed a good char-forming ability. Its initial decomposition temperature was 236.4 C based on 1% mass loss, and its char residue was 41.2 wt % at 600 C, and 22.9 wt % at 800 C, respectively. The flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of novel intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene (IFR-PP) composites containing DOPNP were investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, TGA, cone calorimeter (CONE) test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that DOPNP effectively raised LOI value of IFR-PP. When the loading of IFR was 30 wt %, LOI of IFR-PP reached 31.3%, and it passed UL-94 V-0. TGA results show that DOPNP made the thermal decomposition of IFR-PP take place in advance; reduced the thermal decomposition rate and raised the residual char amount. CONE results show that DOPNP could effectively decrease the heat release rate peak of IFR-PP. A continuous and compact char layer observed from the SEM further proved the flame retardance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Effect of a novel phosphorus‐containing compound on the flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…This phenomenon is similar to that observed for previously reported DOPO-containing cured epoxy systems. 25,26 For the epoxy resins incorporating the phosphorus-free reactive modifiers, the C series were more thermally stable than the A series, suggesting again that the thermal stability depends on their different crosslinking densities. Moreover, as revealed in Table II, all of the epoxy resins containing reactive modifiers had relatively higher char yields than did the neat polymers.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Reactive Modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy resins prepared using multiply hydrogen‐bonding reactive modifiers

Liu

Shau

Juang

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, we synthesized a phosphoruscontaining triply functionalized reactive modifier, DOPOtris(azetidine-2,4-dione), and a phosphorus-free doubly functionalized reactive modifier, bis(azetidine-2,4-dione), and embedded them into epoxy resin systems. We characterized these synthesized reactive modifiers using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and mass spectrometry. During the thermosetting processes, we reacted the epoxy curing agents 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane and tris(4-aminophenyl)amine with the multiply hydrogenbonding reactive modifiers and epoxy monomers. The introduction of the DOPO segment, strongly hydrogen bonding malonamide linkages, and hard aromatic groups into the backbones of the synthesized reactive modifiers resulted in epoxy networks exhibiting tailorable crosslinking densities, flexibilities, glass transition temperatures, thermal decomposition temperatures, and flame retardancies. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analyses indicated that intermolecular hydrogen bonding of these reactive modifiers enhanced the thermal and physical properties of their epoxy resins through the formation of unique pseudocrosslinked polymer networks.

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“…The disadvantages of the typical Pbzs are the high temperature needed for complete curing and the brittleness of the cured materials that can sometimes limit their potential applications. [8,9] In recent years, the preparation of Pbzs with a low dielectric constant and high performance has become one of the main research focuses. Low-dielectric-constant materials (k < 3.0) have the advantage of facilitating manufacture of high-performance integrated circuit (IC) devices with decreasing feature size of the chip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low dielectric materials from fluorinated polybenzoxazines

Asrafali

Periyasamy

Sarojadevi

2014

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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Fluorinated monomers containing a benzoxazine moiety have been synthesized successfully by preparing the benzoxazines from fluorinated amines (4-fluoroaniline, 2,4-difluoroaniline, and 2,3,4-trifluoroaniline). These monomers were polymerized by step curing process following a cure cycle of 100, 150, 200 and 250°C for 1 h at each temperature. The molecular structure of the monomers and their polymers was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The synthesized fluorinated polybenzoxazines were able to reduce the dielectric constant to 2.0 for polybenzoxazine from 2,3,4 trifluoroaniline (PTF)-Bzo at a frequency of 1 MHz. Moreover, they possess high thermal stability and low moisture absorption, which makes it suitable for high-temperature process of interlayer dielectrics.

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Development of a DOPO-containing benzoxazine and its high-performance flame retardant copolybenzoxazines

Cited by 100 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of a novel phosphorus‐containing compound on the flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene

Effect of a novel phosphorus‐containing compound on the flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene

Tailored thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy resins prepared using multiply hydrogen‐bonding reactive modifiers

Low dielectric materials from fluorinated polybenzoxazines

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