Development of a Digital Twin for Enzymatic Hydrolysis Processes

Abstract

Enzymatic hydrolysis processes can be used to produce organic nutrient media from renewable raw materials. However, many of these processes are not optimally designed, so expensive enzymes and substrates are wasted. Mathematical models and Digital Twins (DTs) are powerful tools, which can be used to optimize bioprocesses and, thus, increase the yield of the desired products. Individual enzymatic hydrolysis processes have already been modeled, but models for the combined starch hydrolysis and proteolysis, or DTs, are not available yet. Therefore, an easily adaptable, dynamic, and mechanistic mathematical model representing the kinetics of the enzymatic hydrolysis process of the combined starch hydrolysis and proteolysis was developed and parameterized using experimental data. The model can simulate the starch hydrolysis process with an agreement of over 90% and the proteolysis process with an agreement of over 85%. Subsequently, this model was implemented into an existing DT of a 20 L stirred tank reactor (STR). Since the DT cannot only map the kinetics of the enzymatic process, but also the STR with the associated periphery (pumps, heating jacket, etc.), it is ideally suited for future process control strategy development and thus for the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis processes.

Concept of an Enzymatic Reactive Extraction Centrifuge

“…Besides that, the operation of the whole cascade with the REC is targeted. Besides the experimental development, a model-based description of the process will be carried out, which is an important step towards the industrial application of the apparatus [33]. For this, an existing model for a similar process using an extractive centrifuge can be extended and validated to describe the novel REC.…”

Enzyme-Mediated Exponential Glucose Release: A Model-Based Strategy for Continuous Defined Fed-Batch in Small-Scale Cultivations

“…However, it is difficult to plan an accurate feeding profile since the hydrolysis reaction shows a non-linear, highly complex behavior, which depends on various environmental conditions. The concentrations of enzyme, polymer substrate and glucose, the composition of the polysaccharide [19], the pH [20,21] and the temperature [22,23] influence the glucose release rate. Other impacting factors include the polysaccharide chain length [24], high viscosity of concentrated starch solutions [25], branching [26], competition between different types of glycosidic bonds [27], different binding modes of the enzyme to the substrate [28] and enzyme inactivation [29].…”

Modeling of enzyme-mediated glucose release to facilitate continuous feed in miniaturized cultivations

“…However, the hydrolysis reaction represents a non-linear, highly complex system, which depends on various environmental conditions. Despite the concentrations of the enzyme, dextrin and glucose, the composition of the dextrin (Appl, Baganz, and Hass 2021), the pH Sauer et al 2000) and the temperature (James and Lee 1997;Marc et al 1983) potentially have an influence on the glucose release rate. Other impacting factors include the polysaccharide chain length (Ono, Hiromi, and Zinbo 1964), high viscosity of concentrated starch solutions (Miranda et al 1991), branching (Sanromán, Murado, and Lema 1996), competition between different types of glycosidic bonds , different binding modes of the enzyme to the substrate (Hiromi, Ohnishi, and Tanaka 1983), and enzyme inactivation (Polakovič and Bryjak 2002).…”