Development of a continuous culture system for stable mass production of the marine rotifer Brachionus

Fu, Yongping; Hada, Akio; Yamashita, Takashi; Yoshida, Yoshihiro; Hino, Akinori

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2097-7_22

Cited by 26 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The Japanese model is making use of condensed Chlorella paste Ž . supplemented with vitamins and HUFA Fu et al, 1997;Yoshimura et al, 1997a , while the European model is working with a completely formulated diet.…”

Section: Use Of Formulated Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement of rotifer culture and manipulation techniques in Europe

et al. 2001

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Since no artificial feed formulation for first feeding of marine larval fish has been developed yet, live prey feeding remains essential in commercial marine hatchery operations. Because Ž . cultured rotifers are relatively poor in eicosapentaenoic acid EPA: 20:5n-3 and docosahexaenoic Ž . acid DHA: 22:6n-3 , it is essential and therefore common practice to enrich these live prey with emulsions of marine oils. The short-term exposure to oil emulsions results in lipid-encapsulated rotifers with high EPA and DHA levels. However, these rotifers are prone to fast losses of their gut content and show a distortion in their proteinrlipid balance. Rather than submerging rotifers in oil emulsions, it is often preferred to use formulated culture diets when medium to low enrichment values are needed in live prey. The use of these diets contributes not only to the filling of the gut of the rotifers with nutrients, it generally creates a more stable entire body composition which is important especially when rotifers are not consumed immediately by the larvae.New culture techniques for rotifers, such as closed recirculation systems, are offering new possibilities for continuous supplies of high quality rotifers at 10 times higher densities than in batch cultures. The production increase in these systems is explained by the better water quality obtained by the introduction of protein skimmers, ozone treatment, and biological filtration. Although disinfection of rotifers remains a bottleneck, it has been observed that rotifer populations cultured at high densities are not prone to higher bacterial infestation. Also, the problem of unexplained mortalities in batch cultures seems to be partly solved by the introduction of Ž . recirculation systems or by bacterial management introduction of probionts , which allow more reliable rotifer production. q

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Section: Use Of Formulated Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement of rotifer culture and manipulation techniques in Europe

et al. 2001

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“…This finding is in contrast to others that used baker's yeast or other commercial yeast-based products for rotifer culture and reported frequent crashes of rotifer populations [5,7] and indicates the suitability of nonviable, concentrated algae for culturing rotifers. In addition, although all reported high-density rotifer systems employed expensive and complicated set-ups or additional equipments for recirculation [1,3,5,7,9,13,14], the design of the present system was simple and inexpensive with only a protein skimmer placed inside the tank and a pressurized pure O 2 tank.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, limited water exchange rates did not affect culture stability especially when rotifer densities reached > 1,000 individuals/mL. Although increased rates of water exchange is desired due to its positive effects on accumulation of toxic substances [3,14] higher flow rates often require specific modifications of culture tank setup in order to handle problems associated with increased water exchange. For example, higher rates of water flow into rotifer culture tank may reduce algae concentration due to dilution and increase the potential of screen clogging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Performance of Continuous Rotifer (Brachionus Plicatilis) Culture System for Ornamental Fish Production

Önal¹,

Topaloğlu²,

Sepil³

2015

JLS

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Rotifers are considered as one of the most important prey organisms in the culture of altricial fish larvae. However, high density rotifer culture is often problematic due to water quality problems which results in frequent crashes. In the present study, the performance of a small-scale, continuous system was evaluated for culturing rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, using concentrated nonviable green algae, Nannochloropsis oculeataas feed in a 160 L tank for a period of 90 days. The system configuration was simple and major components consisted of a protein skimmer and a pure oxygen delivery system. Although egg ratio increased from 3% on day 1 to 21.8% and 39.3% on days 7 and 9, respectively, rotifer growth was slow at start up and resulted in fluctuations in total number of rotifers between days 19-41. Rotifer densities remained < 400 until day 51 but increased at higher rates reaching 900 individuals/mL on day 55, 1,620 on day 60 and 2,127 on day 70. Rotifer density reached a maximum of 2,188 individuals/mL on day 85. Once the rotifer density exceeded 1,500 individuals/mL (day 60), periodical harvesting (a total of 16 harvest events) produced a total of 369,920,000 rotifers corresponding to a daily production of 12,330,667 individuals/day during the next 30 days until the experiment was terminated at day 90. As a result of periodic harvesting, water makeup and continuous protein skimming, total settleable solids and NH 3 -N levels remained low and ranged between 4-22 mL/L and 0.4-2.2 mg/L, respectively. The authors' findings indicated that this inexpensive culture system can be successfully used for small-scale marine or freshwater ornamental fish production. Further work is required to minimize lag period at start-up and increase the production potential and yield by better management of suspended solids.

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“…A chemostat culture system 27 for rotifer production achieved a daily output of 186 × 10 6 rotifers in a 1 m 3 tank. An automatic continuous culture system 6 has been developed with a rotifer production yield of 1.7 × 10 8 rotifers/l/day. Another high density rotifer production has been achieved in a closed recirculation system 11 that test on a commercial scale in 1 m 3 tank with a daily rotifer harvest of 2.1 × 10 9 rotifers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alga production is the critical first step in the production of rotifers and other live, larval fish feed. Considerable effort has gone into development of substitutes for live microalgae, but as yet these substitutes have not proven satisfactory [6][7][8][9] . Microalga substitutes often lack adequate nutritional value, are difficult to maintain, or have other functional problems, especially in tropical places like Thailand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Sananurak¹,

Lirdwitayaprasit²,

Menasveta³

2009

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:We have designed, built and operated a closed-recirculating, continuous culture system to produce microalgae and rotifers in seawater (25% salinity) for larval fish culture. The system opens a new perspective in terms of automated production of rotifers without labour cost. Rotifers can be easily harvested daily by a conical harvest net and there is no routine maintenance work. This new, automated system has three components: a microalga culture, a rotifer culture and storage with harvest, and a water treatment and re-use component. After treatment using mechanical filtration, biofiltration, UV sterilization, ozonation, and protein skimmers, water is re-used, thus nearly eliminating the need for seawater imports to the system. Our trial demonstrated that this culture system is capable of producing sustained and acceptable levels of rotifer production for at least 28 days. Microalga densities and yields were quite stable, while rotifer yield varied more during our 28 day culture period. Nitrogenous waste compounds were stable and well within acceptable levels, although nitrate and phosphate concentrations increased throughout the culture period, but did not negatively impact on rotifer production.

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Development of a continuous culture system for stable mass production of the marine rotifer Brachionus

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Advancement of rotifer culture and manipulation techniques in Europe

Advancement of rotifer culture and manipulation techniques in Europe

The Performance of Continuous Rotifer (Brachionus Plicatilis) Culture System for Ornamental Fish Production

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