Development of a constructed subsurface-flow wetland simulation model

Wynn, T. M.; Liehr, Sarah K.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(00)00115-4

Cited by 122 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Constructed wetlands are complex systems that facilitate aerobic and anaerobic microsites (Wynn and Liehr, 2001). Nitrification, denitrification, and nitrifier denitrification are the processes responsible for the production of N 2 O.…”

Section: And N Dynamics and Greenhouse Gas Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands treating wastewater: a review

Jahangir

Richards

Healy

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The removal efficiency of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in constructed wetlands (CWs) is very inconsistent and frequently does not reveal whether the removal processes are due to physical attenuation or whether the different species have been transformed to other reactive forms. Previous research on nutrient removal in CWs did not consider the dynamics of pollution swapping (the increase of one pollutant as a result of a measure introduced to reduce a different pollutant) driven by transformational processes within and around the system. This paper aims to address this knowledge gap by reviewing the biogeochemical dynamics and fate of C and N in CWs and their potential impact on the environment, and by presenting novel ways in which these knowledge gaps may be eliminated. 4 emissions. Mixed species of vegetation perform better than monocultures in increasing C and N removal and decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but empirical evidence is still scarce. Lower hydraulic loadings with higher hydraulic retention times enhance nutrient removal, but more empirical evidence is required to determine an optimum design. A conceptual model highlighting the current state of knowledge is presented and experimental work that should be undertaken to address knowledge gaps across CWs, vegetation and wastewater types, hydraulic loading rates and regimes, and retention times, is suggested. We recommend that further research on process-based C and N removal and on the balancing of end products into reactive and benign forms is critical to the assessment of the environmental performance of CWs.

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Section: And N Dynamics and Greenhouse Gas Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands treating wastewater: a review

Jahangir

Richards

Healy

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Temperature plays an important role in governing the microbial activity Wynn and Liehr (2001) which would directly influence the rate kinetics of organic pollutants decay. Inlet water carries the temperature into the system and leaves through outlet.…”

Section: Transport Of Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetlands using OpenFOAM®

Kadaverugu

2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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Natural purification of pollutants is one of the major ecosystem services provided by wetlands. The phenomenon of natural treatment is exploited by constructing artificial wetlands for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Various wetland models developed in the recent past range from simplistic regression analysis to highly complex deterministic systems. However, these models doesn't suit to the moderate requirements of environmental practitioners for designing appropriate wetland systems. The present model simulates the dynamic behavior of sub-surface horizontal flow wetland systems by considering the non-linear hydrodynamics and pollutant transport, developed in an open source computational fluid dynamics environment-OpenFOAM Ò . The non-linear movement of wastewater in porous media is coupled with the advectiondispersion-decay multi-physics phenomenon of pollutant with temperature dependent rate kinetics. Sensitivity analysis of the model showed that, van Genuchten's filter media shape parameters a, n, and decay constant k influences the treatment efficiency of wetlands. Further, the model is useful in visualizing the spatio-temporal profiles of pollutants and hydrodynamics which eventually guide the environmental practitioners in better design of treatment wetland systems.

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“…The increasing trend in CW technology application coupled with stricter water quality standards requires development of better process design tools. Aimed at providing useful information for future design, efforts have been made in the following areas: dynamic simulation models [19][20][21][22]; treatment stages [23] and pollutant transformation cycles [24]. A constructed wetland is a designed ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Constructed Wetland System for Rural Household Sewage Treatment in Subtropical Regions

Zhou

et al. 2018

Water

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A constructed wetland system, consisting of a surface-flow wetland cell connected in series with three vertical subsurface-flow wetland cells, was tested for treatment of domestic sewage from rural families in southern China. Diatomite, vermiculate, zeolite and hydrotalcite, were used, respectively, as filler adsorbents in the sequenced subsurface-flow cells for adsorption of organic, cationic and anionic pollutants. Selected trees, shrubs and annual herbs were planted to form a wetland plant community. The total treatment capacity, hydraulic loading rate and water retention time were 2 m 3 /d, 0.5 m/d and 48 h, respectively. Experimental data obtained from a year operation confirmed that the treatment process followed the dynamic pathway of pollutant transformation. The constructed system was effective to remove TSS, COD Cr and BOD 5 and their effluent concentrations met the first grade of the discharge standards legislated in China. The removal rates of TN, NH 3 -N and TP were relatively lower, and their effluent concentrations fell within the range between the first and second grade of the standards. An increase in initial pollutant loading and a decrease in temperature in winter caused apparent accumulation of TN, NH 3 -N and TP in the system. Discharge of sludge at adequate intervals was shown to be effective to enhance the treatment efficiency.

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Development of a constructed subsurface-flow wetland simulation model

Cited by 122 publications

References 19 publications

Carbon and nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands treating wastewater: a review

Carbon and nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands treating wastewater: a review

Modeling of subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetlands using OpenFOAM®

A Constructed Wetland System for Rural Household Sewage Treatment in Subtropical Regions

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