Development of a Composition Database for Selected Multicomponent Oils

Abstract

Multicomponent composition and corresponding physical properties data of crude oils and petroleum products are needed as input to environmental fate simulations. Complete sets of such data, however, are not available in the literature due to the complexity and expense of making the measurements. Environment Canada has previously developed a database of various physical and chemical properties of crude oils and petroleum products. In this cooperative project, ten “typical” crude oils and refined products in common use or transport were identified for subsequent characterization. Measured oil physical properties include API gravity, density, sulphur content, water content, flash point, pour point, viscosity, surface and interfacial tension, adhesion, the equation for predicting evaporation, emulsion formation, and simulated boiling point distribution. The chemical composition of the oils are quantified for hydrocarbon groups, volatile organic compounds, n-alkane distribution, distribution of alkylated polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) homologues and other EPA priority PAHs, and biomarker concentrations. This project will provide the most complete and comprehensive database for the selected oils to date. The new composition data will be integrated into the existing Environment Canada oil properties database. The results will be made available to the public both on the world wide web and as a database on disc.

Is it clean or contaminated soil? Using petrogenic versus biogenic GC‐FID chromatogram patterns to mathematically resolve false petroleum hydrocarbon detections in clean organic soils: A crude oil–spiked peat microcosm experiment

“…The Environment Canada Oil Spill Research Laboratory provided F2, F3, F4, F3a, and F3b data for the following 6 fresh crude oils: South Louisiana, Arabian Heavy, Troll, Maya, IFO‐180, and Imperial Heavy. The GC‐FID analysis methods for these 6 crude oils are described in Wang et al .…”

Influence of Petroleum Deposit Geometry on Local Gradient of Electron Acceptors and Microbial Catabolic Potential

“…Petroleum hydrocarbons are generally found as complex mixtures of thousands of different chemical compounds and they vary in chemical composition with location, age, and depth [41][42][43]. Besides being a rich source of labile carbon, they also often harbor many sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen compounds.…”

“…Experimental information on dissolution characteristics will be useful for existing models [74], however it is difficult to determine experimentally because of quick onset of biodegradation, which quickly degrades any petroleum hydrocarbon in dissolved phase. It will be interesting to understand the dissolution rates and dissolution limit of different components of hydrocarbons, when present together in a complex mixture as found in natural reservoirs [43] and compare it to the values used in existing groundwater flow models. The corresponding index numbers are highlighted in Fig.…”

INVESTIGATION OF THE TOXICOKINETICS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON DISTILLATES WITH THE EARTHWORM EISENIA ANDREI

“…The PHC CWS regulate soil contamination based on the concentration of PHCs within the four ECN ranges, assuming a 4:1 ratio of aliphatics to aromatics . Although this ratio is approximately true for some crude oils and petroleum products , it is not true of others. For instance, the constituent composition of fuel oil No.…”

“…2/diesel is approximately 10% aromatics, whereas that for fuel oil No. 5 and heavy fuel oil ranges from approximately 41 to 47% aromatics . Some jurisdictions regulate aliphatic and aromatic PHCs separately .…”