Development of a Combined Energy-Demands Calculator for Urban Building Communities in Korea

Abstract

A decision-support tool based on relational database technology is developed to aid the planning of energy supply systems for urban communities. The building-load models derived from the data measured or surveyed in Korea over the last two decades are computerized using Microsoft Access® as an application platform. The tool calculates energy demands for arbitrary combinations of buildings in an urban community without requiring detailed technological information. Nonexpert urban planners can use the package by providing simple input parameters such as floor area, building type, and city where the site is located. The program calculates the time series based on the demands for electricity, heating, cooling, and hot water loads for the 8760 hours of a year. It also produces indicative characteristics of each load type such as the annual maximums, trends of the daily maximums and minimums, and the annual sums of energy. Urban planners can use these characteristics of the load profiles in their decision processes at the early stages of planning. The detailed time series can be further exploited for subsequent analysis, such as device operational simulation or cost estimation if more sophisticated analysis is necessary. A case study for an actual project is presented for demonstrational purposes.

Technical Feasibility Assessment for a Novel Fifth-Generation District Heating Model of Interconnected Operation with a Large-Scale Building

“…Figure 7 shows the example of the hourly unit energy load model by month per unit floor area [28]. The annual hourly energy load profiles can be established by synthesizing the hourly unit energy load model and daily energy load data [29].…”

Flexibility-Based Reserve Scheduling of Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage in Korea

“…The generators in Korea are divided into dispatchable and non-dispatchable units; the former are categorized into the following types: Cogeneration, combined-cycle (using both gas and steam turbines), hydraulic/pumped hydraulic, nuclear-power, and steam-turbine units. The latter are classified into VG and Non-VG, which include new-energy units, biofuel, fuel cell, and waste power, with <20 MW capacity and units owned by the community energy service provider [27]. The NLFE is represented with a Gaussian distribution, with a standard deviation of 5%.…”

Flexibility-Based Evaluation of Variable Generation Acceptability in Korean Power System

“…The generators in Korea can be classified into dispatchable and non-dispatchable units. The power system operator has no control over non-dispatchable units, which include not only VG systems but also non-VG systems such as units with power below 20 MW, units owned by community energy service providers [23], and new-energy units (i.e., units using energy converted from fossil fuels or obtained through the chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen-for example, fuel cells, integrated gasification combined cycle, hydrogen energy, etc.). We assumed that on the peak day in 2029, the output patterns of VG and non-VG systems are the same as that in 2016.…”