Development of a cold-neutron reflectometer (CN REF-V) at the HANARO

Freight-Handling Technologies and Industrial Building Design: Freighthouse and Warehouse Facilities of the Chicago Junction Railway, 1900–30

“…Telphers (overhead tracks supporting cranes), lifted and lowered freight through hatchways in a buggy (container), with hand trucks used to move freight between the buggy, dray and railcar, but were expensive to operate compared to elevators, as were chutes and escalators, which also required hand trucking, and additional handling charges. 50 Mechanical conveyors were only found to be economical with a small number of loading and unloading points, meaning additional handling costs, or where large amounts of similar freight was transferred.…”

“…42 Much greater cost savings were available over longer trucking distances in downtown Chicago freighthouses; at the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy outbound house in 1914, for example, electric trucks cost 27 cents/tonne-km to operate over an average haul of 196m, and 33 cents/tonne-km at the Chicago & Eastern Illinois outbound house over an average haul of 120m. 43 In addition to cost savings, the introduction of electric trucks also increased the amount of freight-handled per man-hour, and led to the elimination of 70 labouring jobs at Union Freight Station No. 1 in 1918; 44 and a reduction in the labour force from 219 men to 95 at the Pennsylvania Railroad freighthouse in downtown Chicago in 1921.…”

“…Photo courtesy of CMD Realty Investors installed to provide a solid, even surface. 31 New freighthouses were designed to specialise in either inbound or outbound traffic, allowing more flexibility in scheduling shipment reception, reducing congestion and handling costs. Outbound houses were narrower and shorter, with several adjacent tracks, while inbound houses were wider, served by fewer tracks, and with sufficient floor space to allow the stacking of unloaded freight before delivery to dray teams.…”