Development of a 1 kW Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell stack

Ghouse, M.; Abaoud, H.; Al-Boeiz, A.; AbdulHadi, M.

doi:10.1016/s0306-2619(98)00031-2

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The study attempts to be a reliable tool for the operational optimization of any fuel-cell type and, in particular, of a PAFC unit or stack. Present predictions for the average cell and stack voltage and also for the generated power are all in good agreement with the limited experimental data found in the literature [13].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Pafc Operationsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The developed model was applied for demonstration purposes to the electrochemical system of Ghouse et al [13] and can be applied easily to a variety of fuel cell systems. The analysis is based on the set of elliptic, partial differential equations expressing the conservation of mass, momentum, and chemical species in steady, isothermal, and three-dimensional flow.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Pafc Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating low-temperature fuel cell performance for power generation: fluid dynamics study of phosphoric acid fuel cell systems at the cell level

Zervas

Koukou

Orfanoudakis

et al. 2006

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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The development of a detailed mathematical modelling approach for phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs) is described and typical results are presented, discussed, and compared with experimental data found in the literature. A three-dimensional, integrated electrochemical computational-fluid dynamic analysis of a steady-state operation was attempted. The developed model was applied for validation purposes to a specific electrochemical system found in the literature; however, it can be applied to a variety of fuel cell systems. The model has been applied to investigate the effects of various parameters on system performance, justifying the claim that such studies can be very useful tools for optimizing the operation of a PAFC unit or stack. The predictions obtained of the average cell and stack voltage as well as of the generated power show good agreement with the limited experimental data found in the literature.

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Section: Characteristics Of Pafc Operationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Characteristics Of Pafc Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating low-temperature fuel cell performance for power generation: fluid dynamics study of phosphoric acid fuel cell systems at the cell level

Zervas

Koukou

Orfanoudakis

et al. 2006

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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“…According to the data in Table 2 and Eqs. (18) and (19), one can optimally match the load resistances of the hybrid system.…”

Section: The Optimal Matching Of Load Resistancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum power output and load matching of a phosphoric acid fuel cell-thermoelectric generator hybrid system

Chen

Wang

Cai³

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Phosphoric acid and phosphate salts have several applications. For example, phosphoric acid fuel cells use liquid phosphoric acid as an electrolyte [2,3]. Industrial-grade phosphoric acid is produced from phosphate rock and consequently has a high content of mineral impurities, which lower the acid quality for commercial use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodialysis of Phosphates in Industrial-Grade Phosphoric Acid

Machorro

Olvera

Larios

et al. 2013

ISRN Electrochemistry

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The objective of this research was to study the purification of industrial-grade phosphoric acid (P2O5) by conventional electrodialysis. The experiments were conducted using a three-compartment cell with anion and cation membranes, and industrial acid solution was introduced into the central compartment. The elemental analysis of the diluted solution indicated that the composition of magnesium, phosphates, and sodium was reduced in the central compartment. The ratios of the concentration of the ions and the phosphates were essentially unchanged by the process. Consequently, electrodialysis could not purify the acid in the central compartment, and the migration of phosphate ions to the anolyte produced a highly concentrated phosphoric acid solution containing sulfates and chlorides as impurities. However, the migration of the phosphate ions across the membrane consumed a large amount of energy. Detailed speciation diagrams were constructed in this study. These diagrams showed that metal-phosphate complexes were predominant in the industrial phosphoric acid solution. This result explains why the ratios of the concentrations of the ion metals and the phosphates did not change in the purification process. The energy consumed in the electrodialysis indicated that the metal-phosphate complexes were less mobile than the free-phosphate ions. The speciation diagrams explained the experimental results satisfactorily.

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Development of a 1 kW Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell stack

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluating low-temperature fuel cell performance for power generation: fluid dynamics study of phosphoric acid fuel cell systems at the cell level

Evaluating low-temperature fuel cell performance for power generation: fluid dynamics study of phosphoric acid fuel cell systems at the cell level

Maximum power output and load matching of a phosphoric acid fuel cell-thermoelectric generator hybrid system

Electrodialysis of Phosphates in Industrial-Grade Phosphoric Acid

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