Development Mathematics Teaching-Instrument Learning Using Open-Ended Approach To Improve Mathematics Communication Ability And Independent Learning Student

Abstract

This study aims to disclose the development process and describe the characteristics of mathematics learning tools using an open-ended approach in improving mathematical communication skills and learning independence of learners in seventh grade that meet valid, practical, and effective criteria. This study is a research and development. The product that will be produced in this research is learning tools in the form of Lesson Plan and Student Worksheet using open-ended approach. The development model used in this research will be the development model adapted from the Plomp model. The ability of communication is an important competency that must be have by students, because besides being able to reason and solve problems, students must be able to communicate their abilities both in oral and written form. Mathematical communication skills as an important part of mathematics have not been achieved optimally in reality. This can be seen from the results of the initial test of mathematical communication skills in the three schools that were observed with an overall average score of 47 from the maximum value of 100. In addition, independence in learning can be carried out with full responsibility and it's also important. Independent learning can increase self-confidence students, so they can reach their success in the future. Based on various surveys, it's able to show that students in Indonesia have low competence in mathematics and mathematics is still less interested for students. Besides being complicated, mathematical learning is gained by students from limited sources. This happened one of them because of low independence in learning. One solution to overcome problem in communication ability and independence in learning is to provide learning tools. The learning tools to be developed is based open-ended approach, because open-ended approach have openness criteria that can develop their communication activities and also increase independence to find other creative ways.

Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Content Validity Index (CVI) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in Mathematics Learning Independence Instruments

“…This instrument examines how students organize frameworks and strategies to achieve learning goals. This part is needed to determine students' learning success through independent learning (Notika, 2018).…”