Development, Investigation, and Comparative Study of the Effects of Various Metal Oxides on Optical Electrochemical Properties Using a Doped PANI Matrix

Abstract

A comparative study was performed in order to analyze the effect of metal oxide (MO) on the properties of a polymeric matrix. In this study, polyaniline (PANI)@Al2O3, PANI@TiC, and PANI@TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized using in situ polymerization with ammonium persulfate as an oxidant. The prepared materials were characterized by various analytical methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV/visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the conductive properties of the materials were tested using the four-point probe method. The presence of MO in the final product was confirmed by XPS, XRD, FTIR, and TEM, while spectroscopic characterization revealed interactions between the MOs and PANI. The results showed that the thermal stability was improved when the MO was incorporated into the polymeric matrix. Moreover, the results revealed that incorporating TiO2 into the PANI matrix improves the optical bandgap of the nanocomposite and decreases electrical conductivity compared to other conducting materials. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the hybrid nanocomposites were tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD). The obtained results suggest that the PANI@TiO2 nanocomposite could be a promising electrode material candidate for high-performance supercapacitor applications.

Development and Characterization of Novel Hybrid Materials Formed from ZnO-SiO2-Modified and Polyaniline for Organic Dyes Adsorption and Electrochemical Supercapacitor Applications

“…On the other hand, the IR spectrums of PANI show the principal characteristic peaks of the samples at 1592 cm − 1 , 1497 cm − 1 , 1376 cm − 1 , 1309 cm − 1 , 1164 cm − 1 and 825 cm − 1 in agreement with the literature [30]. The spectrum exhibits two bands at 1592 cm − 1 and 1497 cm − 1 are to the stretchin vibrations of the quinoid/benzenoid (Q/B) units of polyaniline [18,22]. The band at 1376 cm − 1 is to the C‚ N + stretching adjacent to the Q structure while that a band near 1309 cm − 1 is ascribed to C-N stretching vibration in the alternate rings of Q-B-Q units.…”

“…Electrical conductivity measurement was carried out using 4-point probes method by Lucas Lab probe. The samples were dried at 70°C for overnight, and then pastilles have been prepared by a FTIR mold [18,19,22].…”

“…The electrochemical characteristics of the samples were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) using a conventional 3electrodes electrochemical system [22,25].…”

“…eV, which were attributed to (= N-), (-NH-) and (-NH + ), respectively. Furthermore, the oxidation degree and protonation of PANI chain can be measured by analyzing the ratios of (-N=), (-NH-) and (-NH + ) [18,22]. The PANI matrix in hybrid materials contained 1.64% (= N-) and 0.85% (-NH-).…”

Recent Advances in Functional Polymer Materials for Energy, Water, and Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…Different supercapacitors have emerged as efficient energy storage devices, showing wide applications in several fields, including electric vehicles and continuously automatic production power supplies, etc. [82][83][84][85][86]. These supercapacitors exhibit a higher specific power when compared to lithium-ion batteries.…”