Development in Russia of high power gyrotrons for plasma fusion installations

Денисов, Г. Г.; Litvak, A. G.; Myasnikov, V.E.; Tai, E.M.; Zapevalov, V. E.; Agapova, M.V.; Чирков, А. В.; Kuftin, A. N.; Malygin, S. A.; Малыгин, В. И.; Nicniporenko, V.O.; Pavel'ev, A.B.; Паршин, В.В.; Soluyanova, E. A.; Ильин, В. И.; Il'in, V. N.; Vikharev, A. L.; Usachev, S. V.; Usov, V. G.

doi:10.1109/ivelec.2008.4556378

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

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“…TER is relying on twenty-four Continuous Wave (CW) 1 MW gyrotrons operating at 170 GHz to cover its electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive needs [1]. Such tubes have been developed in Russia [2] and Japan [3] and a European gyrotron targeting the ITER gyrotron specifications has also been under development by the European Gyrotron Consortium (EGYC) in cooperation with the industrial partner THALES, France, and under the coordination of the European Joint Undertaking for ITER and the Development of Fusion Energy (F4E) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Testing of the European TH1509U 170-GHz 1-MW CW Industrial Gyrotron—Long Pulse Operation

Rzesnicki

Ioannidis

Avramidis

et al. 2022

IEEE Electron Device Lett.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Testing of the European TH1509U 170-GHz 1-MW CW Industrial Gyrotron—Long Pulse Operation

Rzesnicki

Ioannidis

Avramidis

et al. 2022

IEEE Electron Device Lett.

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State-of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers

Thumm

2020

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

296

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STATE-OF-THE-ART OF HIGH POWER GYRO-DEVICES AND FREE ELECTRON MASERSAt present, gyrotron oscillators are mainly used as high power millimeter wave sources for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and diagnostics of magnetically confmed plasmas for generation of energy by controlled thermonuclear fusion. 140 GHz gyrotrons with output power Pout = 0.58 MW, pulse length 't = 2.0 s and efficiency 11 = 34 % are commercially available. Diagnostic gyrotrons deliver P out = 40 kW with 't = 40 J-lS at frequencies up to 650 GHz (11 2_ 4 %). Recently, gyrotron oscillators have also been successfully used in matedal processing and plasma chemistry. Such technological applications require gyrotrons with the following parameters: f 2. 28 GHz , Pout = 10-30 kW, CW, 11 2. 30 %. This paper reports on achievements and problems related to the development of very high power mm-wave gyrotrons for long pulse or CW operation and describes the microwave technological pecularities of the different development steps. In addition, this work gives a short overview of the present development of gyrotrons for technological applications, quasi-optical gyrotrons, cyclotron autoresonance masers (CARMs), gyro-ldystrons, gyro-TWT amplifiers, gyro-BWO's and free electron masers (FEMs). The most impressive FEM output parameters are: Pout = 2GW, 't = 20 ns, 11 = 13 % at 140 GHz (LLNL) and Pout = 15 kW, 't = 20 J-tS, 11 = 5 % in the range from 120 to 900 GHz (UCSB). ENTWICKLUNGSSTAND VON HOCHLEISTUNGS-GYRO-RÖHREN UND FREI-ELEKTRONEN-MASERN Übersiebt Gyrotronoszillatoren werden derzeit vorwiegend als Hochleistungsmillimeterwellenquellen für die Elektron-Zyklotron-Resonanzheizung (ECRH) und Diagnostik von magnetisch eingeschlossenen Plasmen zur Erforschung der Energiegewinnung durch kontrollierte Kernfusion eingesetzt. 140 GHz Gyrotrons mit einer Ausgangsleistung von Pout = 0.58 MW bei Pulslängen von 't = 2.0 s und Wirkungsgraden von • 11 = 34% sind kommerziell erhältlich. Gyrotrons zur Plasmadiagnostik erreichen Frequenzen bis zu 650 GHz bei P out = 40 kW und 't = 40 ~-ts (11 2. 4 %). In jüngster Zeit jedoch finden Gyrotronoszillatoren auch für technologische Prozesse und in der Plasmachemie erfolgreich Verwendung. Dabei werden Röhren mit folgenden Parametern eingesetzt: f 2_ 28 GHz, Pout = 10-30 kW, CW, 11 2. 30 %. In diesem Beitrag wird auf den aktuellen Stand und die Probleme bei der Entwicklung von Hochleistungs-mm-Wellen-Gyrotrons für Langpuls-und Dauerstrichbetrieb sowie auf die mikrowellentechnischen Besonderheiten der einzelnen Entwicklungsphasen eingegangen: Außerdem wird auch kurz über den neuesten Stand der Entwicklung von Gyrotrons für technologische Anwendungen, quasi-optischen Gyrotrons, Zyklotron-Autoresonanz-Masern (CARMs), Gyroklystrons, Gyro-TWT-Verstärkern, Gyro-Rückwärtswellenoszillatoren (BWOs) und Frei-Elektronen-Maser (FEM) berichtet. FEM-Rekordausgangsparameter sind hier: Pout = 2 GW, 't = 20 ns, 11 = 13 % bei 140 GHz (LLNL) und Pout = 15 kW, 't = 20 J-lS, 11 = 5 % im Bereich von 120 bis 900 GHz (UCSB). Contents

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Development in Russia of 170 GHz gyrotron for ITE

Litvak

Денисов

Agapova

et al. 2008

2008 33rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves

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During last years several new gyrotrons were designed and tested at IAP/GYCOM. Main development efforts were spent for development of 170GHzllMW150%/CW gyrotron for ITER and multi-frequency gyrotrons. The paper presents new results in development of gyrotrons for ITER.In Fig. 2, gyrotron output power and efficiency are plotted as a function of retarding voltage. Total efficiency of 52% was reached at over IMW output power.t :::~~I '----. -• Pout • Efficiency • Total efficiency I

show abstract

Development in Russia of high power gyrotrons for plasma fusion installations

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Experimental Testing of the European TH1509U 170-GHz 1-MW CW Industrial Gyrotron—Long Pulse Operation

Experimental Testing of the European TH1509U 170-GHz 1-MW CW Industrial Gyrotron—Long Pulse Operation

State-of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers

Development in Russia of 170 GHz gyrotron for ITE

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