Development in Russia of 170 GHz gyrotron for ITER

Litvak, A. G.; Денисов, Г. Г.; Agapova, M.V.; Gnedenkov, A.Ph.; Kostyna, A.N.; Nichiporenko, V. O.; Myasnikov, V.E.; Popov, L. G.; Tai, E. M.; Usachev, S. V.; Zapevalov, V. E.; Chirkov, A. V.; Ильин, В. И.; Il'in, V. N.; Kuftin, A. N.; Malygin, S. A.; Малыгин, В. И.; Паршин, В.В.; Zavolsky, N. A.; Pavel'ev, A.B.; Rukavishnikova, V. G.; Roschin, Yu. V.; Sokolov, É. N.; Soluyanova, E. A.; Usov, V. G.; Vikharev, A. L.

doi:10.1109/icimw.2009.5325765

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The idea of the application of a retarding voltage for the deceleration of the electron spent beam is widely used in high power gyrotrons for the increase of the overall efficiency for the last two decades [1]- [3]. The spent beam deceleration usually takes place either at the entrance of the electron beam in the mirror box (after the end of the quasi-optical launcher), as it is the case for the 140 GHz 1 MW gyrotron for Wendelstein W7-X [4] and the European (EU) 170 GHz, 1 MW conventional cavity gyrotron for ITER [5], [6], or at the entrance of the beam in the collector, as it is the case for the 170 GHz, 1 MW Russian gyrotron for ITER [7], [8] and the European 170 GHz 2 MW coaxial cavity gyrotron [9], [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation on Spent Beam Deceleration Schemes for Depressed Collector of a High-Power Gyrotron

Pagonakis

Illy

Ioannidis

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Electron Devices

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Single stage depressed collector systems are widely used in high power gyrotrons in order to increase the overall efficiency. The position where the deceleration of the beam takes place influences the collector efficiency. In this work, several deceleration schemes are numerically investigated for the short pulse prototype of the 170 GHz, 1 MW European gyrotron for ITER. The results of this work are in a qualitative agreement with the results of dedicated experiments. A simple idea is also proposed for the significant increase of the overall gyrotron efficiency without an important technological modification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation on Spent Beam Deceleration Schemes for Depressed Collector of a High-Power Gyrotron

Pagonakis

Illy

Ioannidis

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Electron Devices

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State-of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers

Thumm

2020

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

296

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STATE-OF-THE-ART OF HIGH POWER GYRO-DEVICES AND FREE ELECTRON MASERSAt present, gyrotron oscillators are mainly used as high power millimeter wave sources for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and diagnostics of magnetically confmed plasmas for generation of energy by controlled thermonuclear fusion. 140 GHz gyrotrons with output power Pout = 0.58 MW, pulse length 't = 2.0 s and efficiency 11 = 34 % are commercially available. Diagnostic gyrotrons deliver P out = 40 kW with 't = 40 J-lS at frequencies up to 650 GHz (11 2_ 4 %). Recently, gyrotron oscillators have also been successfully used in matedal processing and plasma chemistry. Such technological applications require gyrotrons with the following parameters: f 2. 28 GHz , Pout = 10-30 kW, CW, 11 2. 30 %. This paper reports on achievements and problems related to the development of very high power mm-wave gyrotrons for long pulse or CW operation and describes the microwave technological pecularities of the different development steps. In addition, this work gives a short overview of the present development of gyrotrons for technological applications, quasi-optical gyrotrons, cyclotron autoresonance masers (CARMs), gyro-ldystrons, gyro-TWT amplifiers, gyro-BWO's and free electron masers (FEMs). The most impressive FEM output parameters are: Pout = 2GW, 't = 20 ns, 11 = 13 % at 140 GHz (LLNL) and Pout = 15 kW, 't = 20 J-tS, 11 = 5 % in the range from 120 to 900 GHz (UCSB). ENTWICKLUNGSSTAND VON HOCHLEISTUNGS-GYRO-RÖHREN UND FREI-ELEKTRONEN-MASERN Übersiebt Gyrotronoszillatoren werden derzeit vorwiegend als Hochleistungsmillimeterwellenquellen für die Elektron-Zyklotron-Resonanzheizung (ECRH) und Diagnostik von magnetisch eingeschlossenen Plasmen zur Erforschung der Energiegewinnung durch kontrollierte Kernfusion eingesetzt. 140 GHz Gyrotrons mit einer Ausgangsleistung von Pout = 0.58 MW bei Pulslängen von 't = 2.0 s und Wirkungsgraden von • 11 = 34% sind kommerziell erhältlich. Gyrotrons zur Plasmadiagnostik erreichen Frequenzen bis zu 650 GHz bei P out = 40 kW und 't = 40 ~-ts (11 2. 4 %). In jüngster Zeit jedoch finden Gyrotronoszillatoren auch für technologische Prozesse und in der Plasmachemie erfolgreich Verwendung. Dabei werden Röhren mit folgenden Parametern eingesetzt: f 2_ 28 GHz, Pout = 10-30 kW, CW, 11 2. 30 %. In diesem Beitrag wird auf den aktuellen Stand und die Probleme bei der Entwicklung von Hochleistungs-mm-Wellen-Gyrotrons für Langpuls-und Dauerstrichbetrieb sowie auf die mikrowellentechnischen Besonderheiten der einzelnen Entwicklungsphasen eingegangen: Außerdem wird auch kurz über den neuesten Stand der Entwicklung von Gyrotrons für technologische Anwendungen, quasi-optischen Gyrotrons, Zyklotron-Autoresonanz-Masern (CARMs), Gyroklystrons, Gyro-TWT-Verstärkern, Gyro-Rückwärtswellenoszillatoren (BWOs) und Frei-Elektronen-Maser (FEM) berichtet. FEM-Rekordausgangsparameter sind hier: Pout = 2 GW, 't = 20 ns, 11 = 13 % bei 140 GHz (LLNL) und Pout = 15 kW, 't = 20 J-lS, 11 = 5 % im Bereich von 120 bis 900 GHz (UCSB). Contents

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Development in Russia of 170 GHz gyrotron for ITER

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Numerical Investigation on Spent Beam Deceleration Schemes for Depressed Collector of a High-Power Gyrotron

Numerical Investigation on Spent Beam Deceleration Schemes for Depressed Collector of a High-Power Gyrotron

State-of-the-Art of High-Power Gyro-Devices and Free Electron Masers

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