Development, design, and realization of a proficiency test for the Forensic Determination of Shooting Distances – FDSD 2015

Effects of the interaction of gunshot residue plume and cotton fabrics—an empirical study towards extensive assessment of close-range shooting distance

“…These detailed examinations of the array of shooting patterns depending on the shooting distance in the range of 0–30 cm, being included in the category of close-range distance, 27 were performed to be able to compare the GSR distribution with other similarly performed examinations, however, for different kinds of ammunition. The common property of GSR distribution obtained in the current study with these published earlier both for small arms 10,15,20,28 and also for a cal.…”

“…These detailed examinations of the array of shooting patterns depending on the shooting distance in the range of 0-30 cm, being included in the category of close-range distance, 27 were performed to be able to compare the GSR distribution with other similarly performed examinations, however, Table 2 Number of inorganic gunshot residues detected in specimens collected from cotton woven fabric (Sample 1) from the surroundings of the entrance hole (on the outer side of the textile) depending on the shooting distance in the range of 0-30 cm together with the calculated average values, standard deviations (SD) and relative standard deviations (SD)…”

“…When the gun and possibly some ammunition of the same production lot are present at the crime scene, they can be used for test shooting and applying standard shooting distance evaluation using chemographic methods. 27 Such a reconstruction becomes more demanding when the gun and ammunition used in the crime are not available for test shooting and the colouring methods do not apply. In such cases, the shooting distance assessment has to rely on the inspection of the gunshot wound in the victim's tissue and the gunshot pattern in the clothing.…”

Implementation and Optimization of the Sodium‐Rhodizonate Method for Chemographic Shooting Distance Estimation

“…). This sample was developed as part of the EU project (D. Neimke, personal communication, April 13–15, 2016) (LH. Niewoehner, personal communication, Oct 11–13, 2017): “Proficiency test on shooting distance determination” (With support of the Prevention of and Fight against Crime Programme European Commission—Directorate General Home Affairs Project Home/2011/ISEC/AG/2489), of which the goal was the improvement of quality in chemo graphic GSR investigations.…”

Interpol review of gunshot residue 2016–2019

“…FDSD 2015, the new proficiency test for the determination of shooting distances, was implemented and the results were published in 2016 [ 84 ]. The artificial samples consisted of a set of 12 reference distances between 2 and 200 cm.…”