Development case study of the first estonian self-driving car, iseauto

Abstract

The rapid development of intelligent control technology has also brought about changes in the automotive industry and led to development of autonomous or self-driving vehicles. To overcome traffic and environment issues, self-driving cars use a number of sensors for vision as well as a navigation system and actuators to control mechanical systems and computers to process the data. All these points make a self-driving car an interdisciplinary project that requires contribution from different fields. In our particular case, four different university departments and two companies are directly involved in the self-driving car project. The main aim of the paper is to discuss the challenges faced in the development of the first Estonian self-driving car. The project implementation time was 20 months and the project included four work packages: preliminary study, software development, body assembly and system tuning/testing of the self-driving car. This paper describes the development process stages and tasks that were distributed between the sub-teams. Moreover, the paper presents the technical and software solutions that were used to achieve the goal and presents a self-driving last mile bus called ISEAUTO. Special attention is paid to the discussion of safety challenges that a self-driving electrical car project can encounter. The main outcomes and future research possibilities are outlined

Robust Design Optimization and Emerging Technologies for Electrical Machines: Challenges and Open Problems

“…Optimization may also be implemented in the case of autonomous EVs, such as [230], e.g., for distribution path optimization. In [231], to avoid the confidence that uncertain transport time data are assumed (beyond the probability distribution), the authors used a robust optimization method.…”

Implementation of Digital Twins for electrical energy conversion systems in selected case studies

“…Research has covered but a few aspects of monitoring techniques, reporting only on dynamic operating regimes [48,49]. Various test benches [50,51] and prototypes [52,53] are used to validate the concept before its industrial/practical application. Detecting and monitoring the critical spots or hotspots in the electric propulsion drive system are the key factors enabling the whole EV system to perform effectively and safely.…”

“…ISEAUTO mainly operates in parking and pedestrian areas, which means that an obstacle should be detected at a very short distance. For that reason, the following sensors are used for observing the environment, as well as for mapping, localization and navigation process in the first prototype: LiDAR Velodyne VLP16 (2 pieces); Ultrasonic sensors, front and back (8 pieces); Ultrasonic sensors, door side (6 pieces); Short distance radar; Cameras (8 pieces); RTKGNSS; IMU sensor [52]. The body design of ISEAUTO and the location of sensors is shown in Fig.…”

Parametric Digital Twin of Autonomous Electric Vehicle Transmission

“…Therefore, the speed of the car is limited up to 20 km/h. ISEAUTO self-driving vehicle is an interdisciplinary project that includes contributions from different fields [7]. The mechanical structure is an essential part of a self-driving vehicle; it is to be altered and designed to guarantee dynamical unwavering.…”