Development and Validation of the Economic Assessment of Glycemic Control and Long-Term Effects of Diabetes (EAGLE) Model

Mueller, E; Maxion-Bergemann, S; Gultyaev, Dmitry; Walzer, Stefan; Freemantle, Nick; Mathieu, Chantal; Bolinder, Björn; Gerber, Robert A.; Kvasz, Marion; Bergemann, R

doi:10.1089/dia.2006.8.219

Cited by 50 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Many authors have used computer models to predict lifetime diabetes health events [789][790][791][792] to determine the frequency of screening intervals, treatment, and their cost effectiveness.…”

Section: International Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to diabetic eye examination guidelines in Australia: the National Eye Health Survey

Foreman

Keel

Xie

et al. 2017

Medical Journal of Australia

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Section: International Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to diabetic eye examination guidelines in Australia: the National Eye Health Survey

Foreman

Keel

Xie

et al. 2017

Medical Journal of Australia

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“…The EAGLE Model has been outlined at previous Mount Hood Challenge Meetings and is an object-oriented probabilistic Monte Carlo simulation application (30,31). A description of an updated version of the model (version 2.0) that captures the effects of more parameters/ variables has been recently published (32). A Markov process with yearly intervals and first-and second-order calculations was the basic structure for development.…”

Section: Eagle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer Modeling of Diabetes and Its Complications

2007

Diabetes Care

174

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Computer simulation models are mathematical equations combined in a structured framework to represent some real or hypothetical system. One of their uses is to allow the projection of short-term data from clinical trials to evaluate clinical outcomes and costs over a long-term period. This technology is becoming increasingly important to assist decision making in modern medicine in situations where there is a paucity of long-term clinical trial data, as recently acknowledged in the American Diabetes Association Consensus Panel Guidelines for Computer Modeling of Diabetes and its Complications. The Mount Hood Challenge Meetings provide a forum for computer modelers of diabetes to discuss and compare models and identify key areas of future development to advance the field. The Fourth Mount Hood Challenge in 2004 was the first meeting of its kind to ask modelers to perform simulations of outcomes for patients in published clinical trials, allowing comparison against “real life” data. Eight modeling groups participated in the challenge. Each group was given three of the following challenges: to simulate a trial of type 2 diabetes (CARDS [Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study]); to simulate a trial of type 1 diabetes (DCCT [Diabetes Control and Complications Trial]); and to calculate outcomes for a hypothetical, precisely specified patient (cross-model validation). The results of the models varied from each other and for methodological reasons, in some cases, from the published trial data in important ways. This approach of performing systematic comparisons and validation exercises has enabled the identification of key differences among the models, as well as their possible causes and directions for improvement in the future.

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“…Several computer simulation models have been developed to characterize Type 1 diabetes, including the CORE Diabetes Model 30, Sheffield Type 1 Diabetes Policy Model 31 and the Economic Assessment of Glycaemic Control and Long‐Term Effects of Diabetes Model 32. By simulating disease progression over a time horizon longer than that feasible in clinical trials, computer modelling represents an important tool to quantify the long‐term health economic outcomes of Type 1 diabetes interventions, and support clinical and reimbursement decision‐making 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the economic value of maintained improvements in Type 1 diabetes management, in terms of HbA_1c, weight and hypoglycaemic event incidence

et al. 2018

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AimsInsulin therapy is indicated for people with Type 1 diabetes mellitus; however, treatment‐related weight gain and hypoglycaemia represent barriers to optimal glycaemic management. This study assessed the health economic value of maintained reductions in HbA1c, BMI and hypoglycaemia incidence among the UK Type 1 diabetes population.MethodsThe Cardiff Type 1 Diabetes Model was used to estimate lifetime costs, life‐years and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) for individuals with Type 1 diabetes at different baseline HbA1c, BMI and hypoglycaemic event rates. Results were discounted at 3.5%, and the net monetary benefit associated with improving Type 1 diabetes management was derived at £20 000/QALY gained. Per‐person outputs were inflated to national levels using UK Type 1 diabetes prevalence estimates.ResultsModelled subjects with an HbA1c of 86 mmol/mol (10.0%) were associated with discounted lifetime per‐person costs of £23 795; £12 649 of which may be avoided by maintaining an HbA1c of 42 mmol/mol (6.0%). Combined with estimated QALY gains of 2.80, an HbA1c of 42 mmol/mol (6.0%) vs. 86 mmol/mol (10.0%) was associated with a £68 621 per‐person net monetary benefit. Over 1 year, unit reductions in BMI produced £120 per‐person net monetary benefit, and up to £197 for the avoidance of one non‐severe hypoglyceamic event.ConclusionsMaintained reductions in HbA1c significantly alleviate the burden associated with Type 1 diabetes in the UK. Given the influence of weight and hypoglycaemia on health economic outcomes, they must also be key considerations when assessing the value of Type 1 diabetes technologies in clinical practice.

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Development and Validation of the Economic Assessment of Glycemic Control and Long-Term Effects of Diabetes (EAGLE) Model

Abstract: The EAGLE model is an evidence-based, internally valid tool for the assessment of the long-term effects of diabetes treatment and related costs.

Cited by 50 publications

References 40 publications

Adherence to diabetic eye examination guidelines in Australia: the National Eye Health Survey

Adherence to diabetic eye examination guidelines in Australia: the National Eye Health Survey

Computer Modeling of Diabetes and Its Complications

Assessing the economic value of maintained improvements in Type 1 diabetes management, in terms of HbA_1c, weight and hypoglycaemic event incidence

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Development and Validation of the Economic Assessment of Glycemic Control and Long-Term Effects of Diabetes (EAGLE) Model

Abstract: The EAGLE model is an evidence-based, internally valid tool for the assessment of the long-term effects of diabetes treatment and related costs.

Cited by 50 publications

References 40 publications

Adherence to diabetic eye examination guidelines in Australia: the National Eye Health Survey

Adherence to diabetic eye examination guidelines in Australia: the National Eye Health Survey

Computer Modeling of Diabetes and Its Complications

Assessing the economic value of maintained improvements in Type 1 diabetes management, in terms of HbA1c, weight and hypoglycaemic event incidence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Assessing the economic value of maintained improvements in Type 1 diabetes management, in terms of HbA_1c, weight and hypoglycaemic event incidence