Development and Validation of the Hypertension Self-care Profile

Abstract

Background Adequate self-care is crucial for blood pressure (BP) control. A number of hypertension (HBP) self-care instruments are available, but existing tools do not capture all the critical domains of HBP self-care and have limited evidence of reliability and validity. Objective The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new tool—the HBP Self-Care Profile (HBP SCP)—in a sample of inner-city residents. Methods The HBP SCP encompasses comprehensive domains of HBP self-care behaviors. Guided by two validated theoretical approaches—Orem’s self-care model and Motivational Interviewing—the HBP SCP includes three scales that can be used together or independently: Behavior, Motivation, and Self-Efficacy. The sample included 213 English-speaking inner-city residents with HBP (mean age = 68.6 years; 76.1% female; 81.7% African American). Results Item-total correlations ranged from 0.20 to 0.63 for Behavior, 0.46 to 0.70 for Motivation, and 0.40 to 0.74 for Self-Efficacy scales, meeting the cutoff set a priori at 0.15. Internal consistency reliability coefficients ranged from 0.83 to 0.93. Concurrent and construct validities of the HBP SCP were achieved by significant correlations between HBP SCP scales and theoretically selected study instruments (P <0.05 for all correlation coefficients). The HBP SCP-Behavior scale also successfully discriminated between those with or without BP control (P <0.05). Conclusions The reliability and validity of the HBP SCP were supported in this sample of inner-city residents with HBP. The high reliability estimates and strong evidence of validity should allow researchers to use the HBP SCP to assess and identify gaps in HBP self-care behavior, motivation, and self-efficacy. Future research is warranted to evaluate the HBP SCP in diverse ethnic and age samples of hypertensive patient populations.

Mediating role of self‐efficacy in the relationship between family social support and hypertension self‐care behaviours: A cross‐sectional study of Saudi men with hypertension

“…The Hypertension Self‐Care Profile is a 60‐item tool developed by Han et al (). The profile is composed of three 20‐item subscales: self‐efficacy, motivation, and behaviour.…”

“…A therapeutic strategy to increase hypertension self‐care behaviour includes several activities to improve blood pressure control (Han, Lee, Commodore‐Mensah, & Kim, ). The hypertension behaviours include medication adherence, physical exercise, healthy diet, smoking cessation, weight reduction, self‐monitoring, regular doctor visits, stress reduction, and reduced alcohol consumption (National Institute of Health, ).…”

A Health Literacy-Focused Intervention for Latinos with Hypertension

“…We used self-care and self-efficacy scales (20 items each) of the HBP Self-Care Profile (Han, Lee, Commodore-Mensah, & Kim, 2014). Higher scores indicate higher self-care and self-efficacy with evidence of reliability and validity (Han et al, 2014).…”

“…Higher scores indicate higher self-care and self-efficacy with evidence of reliability and validity (Han et al, 2014). …”

Improving urban African Americans' blood pressure control through multi-level interventions in the Achieving Blood Pressure Control Together (ACT) study: A randomized clinical trial

“…Participants will be directed to bring the home blood pressure cuff with them to their clinic visits and study staff will download stored measures into the study database prior to the visit and create a report for patient participants to share with their primary care provider during the clinic visit. Participants will also complete a hypertension self-care instrument, designed specifically for patients with high blood pressure, to assess their current health behaviors and confidence in following treatment recommendations for hypertension [44]. Medication adherence will be assessed via a medication diary and self-reported measures [45].…”