Development and Validation of the Efficacious Self-Presentation Scale

Laghi, Fiorenzo; Pallini, Susanna; D’Alessio, Maria; Baiocco, Roberto

doi:10.1080/00221325.2010.526975

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Other studies have reported that dysfunctional families and inadequate parenting styles, for example lower levels of parental emotional warmth, parental overprotection, and parental rejection, were associated with the onset and persistence of SAD in children (Knappe et al., , ; van Oort et al., ). Given that the FS subscale of the OSIQ describes family relationships in terms of lower levels of intergenerational conflicts, good feelings and positive relationships with parents, close communication, and a supportive climate, a potential explanation for our finding is that high scores in the family relationships subscale reflected an overprotective family environment which restricted the development of autonomy and social competence (Laghi et al., ; Lieb et al., ). In the sociocultural context of Southern Italy, the line between overprotective and harmonious, low‐conflict family relationships is often a fine one, especially for young women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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The relationship between self‐Image and social anxiety in adolescence

Blasi

Cavani

Pavia

et al. 2014

Child Adoles Ment Health

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Background: Self-image is the subjective perception about one's own self, body, mental functioning, social attitudes, and adjustment in different aspects of life. Research has linked negative self-image with a number of problem behaviors and psychiatric symptoms in adolescence; however, studies of the relationship between self-image and anxiety disorders are still scarce. Method: This study involved a community sample of 1305 high-school students (51.4% female) who ranged in age from 14 to 19 years old. They completed self-report measures of self-image and social anxiety disorder (SAD). Results: A quarter of the students reported high levels of social anxiety. Statistical analyses showed significant differences between these students and the other students in all the self-image subscales. Several dimensions of impaired self-image (emotional tone, social attitudes, vocational and educational goals, family relationships, external mastery, and psychological health) were associated with high levels of social anxiety, with some gender differences underpinning these relationships. Conclusions: Clinicians treating SAD in youth may wish to consider that a negative self-image may play a critical role in the onset and retention of social anxiety symptoms. Key Practitioner Message• Self-image is a multifaceted construct encompassing subjective perceptions about oneself, one's body, mental functioning, social attitudes and adjustment in different aspects of life.• Several self-image dimensions can be impaired in adolescents suffering from social anxiety disorder. • Treatment of adolescents suffering from social anxiety symptoms should take into account impairments in selfimage that may damage normal development and affect well-being.• Treatment of adolescents suffering from social anxiety symptoms should promote affect regulation, mastery, positive health behaviors, and the development of supportive peer-relationships.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…An earlier study (Suriadi, Lorenz, Wickrama, & Conger, ) noted that ability to control and manage the environment protects adolescents' well‐being in adversity. With a similarly aged sample, Laghi, Pallini, D'Alessio, and Baiocco () found that ability to regulate self‐image predicted assertive tactics during adolescence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between self‐Image and social anxiety in adolescence

Blasi

Cavani

Pavia

et al. 2014

Child Adoles Ment Health

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“…School approaches aimed at reducing feelings of revenge and anger, and improving emotional regulation and prosocial behavior may be helpful to reduce bullying episodes in both traditional and cyber forms [15,49,50]. Anger-management programs for children and adolescents may be quite effective [22], constitute a time-efficient mode of brief intervention by school psychologists.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Is Cyberbullying Related to Trait or State Anger?

Lonigro

Schneider

Laghi

et al. 2014

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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Anger is a powerful emotion shared by victims and bullies in both physical and electronic forms of bullying. However, little is known about the specific roles of trait anger and state anger in involvement in bullying episodes. The purpose of this study was to verify which component of anger, trait or state, is more strongly related to physical and cyberbullying and victimization. Students between the ages 11-19 (N = 716, 392 female, 324 male) completed the state trait anger expression inventory-2 child and adolescent and a measure of victimization and bullying. Results for cyberbullying suggested a major vulnerability among bullies and victims to experience anger as a personality trait as well some links between state anger, cyberbullying and cybervictimization. Moreover, the outward, explosive expression of anger appears to be common among cyber and physical bullies. Implications for intervention programs are discussed.

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“…Individual self-presentation strategies were assessed by a selection of items from the habitual self-presentation scales by Merzbacher (2007), who built on the self-presentation tactics scale by Lee et al (1999). We focused on those facets of self-presentation, which we assumed as particularly relevant in the context of selfies, i.e., self-promotion and self-disclosure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Selfie Paradox: Nobody Seems to Like Them Yet Everyone Has Reasons to Take Them. An Exploration of Psychological Functions of Selfies in Self-Presentation

2017

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Selfies appear as a double-edged phenomenon. Taking, posting, and viewing selfies has become a daily habit for many. At the same time, research revealed that selfies often evoke criticism and disrespect, and are associated with non-authenticity and narcissism. The present study (N = 238) sheds further light on the somewhat contradictory phenomenon of selfies and their psychological value. In addition to previous studies on selfies and personality traits, the present research explores relations to popular, habitual self-presentation strategies, self-reflections on own and others' selfie-taking behavior, selfie-related affect, and perceived consequences of selfies, by applying a combination of self-constructed and existing scales [e.g., habitual self-presentation scales (Merzbacher, 2007), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al., 1988)]. Our findings confirmed habitual self-presentation strategies as a relevant factor for understanding selfies: Participants scoring high on self-promotion (promoting one's strength and abilities) and self-disclosure (revealing one's feelings for earning sympathy) felt especially positive while takings selfies, whereas understatement was correlated with negative feelings. Nevertheless, self-presentational motives were rather attributed to others' selfies than to own selfies. Moreover, others were assumed to have more fun and positive feelings while taking selfies whereas own selfies were judged as more authentic and self-ironic. Altogether, participants expressed a distanced attitude toward selfies, with stronger agreement for potential negative consequences (threats to self-esteem, illusionary world) than for positive consequences (e.g., relatedness, independence), and a clear preference (82%) for viewing more usual pictures instead of selfies in social media. The revealed selfie-bias, i.e., the systematic discrepancy between judgments on own versus others' selfies, and the reported critical attitude toward selfies allows multiple interpretations. Taking peoples' statements literally, selfies should have never become as popular as they actually are. On the other hand, the selfie bias may fulfill a psychological function. Perceiving one's own selfie behavior as self-ironic and only half-committed, allows to fulfill self-presentational needs without feeling narcissistic. In conclusion, we suggest that the playful and somewhat ambiguous support of self-presentation may be a key factor for the success of selfies. Relations to biases and mechanisms from social psychology, limitations of the present study and implications for future research are discussed.Keywords: selfies, self-presentation, motivations, affective experience, self vs. other judgments, selfie bias INTRODUCTIONSelfies have become enormously popular and it is nearly impossible to visit any social media site without seeing our friends' faces in close-up. A selfie is a self-portrait photograph of oneself (or of oneself and other people), taken with a (phone) camera held at arm's length or pointed at a mirror, tha...

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Development and Validation of the Efficacious Self-Presentation Scale

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

The relationship between self‐Image and social anxiety in adolescence

The relationship between self‐Image and social anxiety in adolescence

Is Cyberbullying Related to Trait or State Anger?

The Selfie Paradox: Nobody Seems to Like Them Yet Everyone Has Reasons to Take Them. An Exploration of Psychological Functions of Selfies in Self-Presentation

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