Development and validation of the knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotics and resistance (KAAR-11) questionnaire for primary care physicians

López-Vázquez, Paula; Vázquez-Lago, Juan M.; González-González, Cristian; Piñeiro‐Lamas, María; López‐Durán, Ana; Herdeiro, María Teresa; Figueiras, Adolfo; Caamaño-Isorna, Francisco; Gestal, Juan; Taracido, Margarita; Lopez-Gonzalez, Elena; Sastre, Isabel; Estany‐Gestal, Ana; Zapata-Cachafeiro, Maruxa; Salgado, Ángel Visoso

doi:10.1093/jac/dkw238

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Additional File 1 contains information regarding knowledge about antibiotics and resistance, and the sources of information used by students. Additional File 2 covers attitudes and beliefs, and Additional File 3 behaviour with antibiotics; in order to group the information into categories, the issues were evaluated by a panel of experts (clinical pharmacologists, psychologists, public health experts, pharmaco-epidemiologists) with experience in studies on attitudes and knowledge regarding antibiotics [ 8 , 9 ]. The categories and subcategories established are shown in Table 2 ; and, the respective studies’ results for each of the categories and subcategories established are shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in order to group the information into categories, the issues were evaluated by a panel of experts (clinical pharmacologists, psychologists, public health experts, pharmaco-epidemiologists) with experience in studies on attitudes and knowledge regarding antibiotics [ 8 , 9 ]. The categories and subcategories established are shown in Table 2 ; and,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does the problem begin at the beginning? Medical students’ knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and resistance: a systematic review

Nogueira-Uzal

Zapata-Cachafeiro

López‐Durán

et al. 2020

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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Background Studies have detected that prescribers display gaps in knowledge and inappropriate attitudes regarding antibiotics and resistances, but it is not known whether these are generated during professional practice or derive from the undergraduate stage of their education. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to identify medical students’ knowledge, beliefs and attitudes regarding antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance, and whether these change over the course of their time at medical school. Methods We conducted a search of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, and included studies that measured knowledge and/or beliefs and/or attitudes regarding antibiotic prescribing and/or resistance, among medical students. Results Of the 509 studies retrieved, 22 met the inclusion criteria. While medical students perceived resistance as posing a major public health problem, both worldwide and in their own countries, students in the last two course years were more aware of overprescription of antibiotics in general, and of broad-spectrum antibiotics, at their teaching hospital. There was a considerable lack of knowledge about the treatment of high-incidence infections, and upper respiratory tract infections in particular (41–69% of participants believed antibiotics to be useful for treating these), without any differences by course year. Students were conscious of their personal shortcomings and thus showed willing to improve their education. Conclusions Future physicians display important gaps in knowledge, particularly in terms of treatment of high-incidence infections. This finding may be of use when it comes to designing more effective training in antibiotic stewardship for undergraduates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the problem begin at the beginning? Medical students’ knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and resistance: a systematic review

Nogueira-Uzal

Zapata-Cachafeiro

López‐Durán

et al. 2020

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Questions relating to clinical factors that might influence antibiotic prescribing were based on existing guidelines for antibiotics. 2,14 Based on prior studies, [15][16][17] we included questions that addressed nonclinical factors such as patients requesting antibiotics, concern for patient satisfaction, and time pressure. We also included questions probing selfreflection of prescribing patterns relative to their peers because interventions that provide physician with audit and feedback 6 have been shown to decrease inappropriate prescribing.…”

Section: Qualitative Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes of High Versus Low Antibiotic Prescribers in the Management of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: a Mixed Methods Study

et al. 2019

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“…There are few measures which currently exist in this area. Many are specific to population sub-groups, including physicians, parents (6,(25)(26)(27), medical students (28) and pharmacists (29)(30). To our knowledge, there exists no sufficiently validated measure which aims to investigate factors influencing antibiotic use within the general populace (31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drivers of Antibiotic Use and Misuse: The Development and Investigation of a Theory Driven Community Measure

Byrne¹,

Miellet

McGlinn

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern, with extensive associated health and economic implications. Actions to slow and contain the development of resistance are imperative. Despite the fact that overuse and misuse of antibiotics are highlighted as major contributing factors to this resistance, no sufficiently validated measures aiming to investigate the drivers behind consumer behaviour amongst the general population are available. The objective of this study was to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of an original, novel and multiple-item questionnaire, informed by the Theory of Planned Behaviour, to measure factors contributing to self-reported antibiotic use within the community. Method: A three-phase process was employed, including literature review and item generation; expert panel review; and pre-test. Investigation of the questionnaire was subsequently conducted through a cross-sectional, anonymous survey. Orthogonal principal analysis with varimax rotation, cronbach alpha and linear mixed-effects modelling analyses were conducted. A 60 item questionnaire was produced encompassing demographics, social desirability, three constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour including: attitudes and beliefs; subjective norm; perceived behavioural control; behaviour; and a covariate-knowledge.Results: 373 participants completed the survey. 80 participants (21%) were excluded due to social desirability concerns, with data from the remaining 293 participants analysed. Results showed modest but acceptable levels of internal reliability, with high inter-item correlations within each construct. All four variables and the outcome variable of antibiotic use behaviour comprised four items with the exception of social norms, for which there were two items, producing a final 18 item questionnaire.Perceived behavioural control, social norms, the interaction between attitudes and beliefs and knowledge, and the presence of a healthcare worker in the family were all significant predictors of antibiotic use behaviour. All other predictors tested produced a nonsignificant relationship with the outcome variable of self-reported antibiotic use.Conclusion: This study successfully developed and validated a novel tool which assesses factors influencing community antibiotic use and misuse. The questionnaire can be used to guide appropriate 3 intervention strategies to reduce antibiotic misuse in the general population. Future research is required to assess the extent to which this tool can guide community-based intervention strategies.

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Development and validation of the knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotics and resistance (KAAR-11) questionnaire for primary care physicians

Abstract: The final 11 item KAAR questionnaire appears to be valid, reliable and responsive.

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Does the problem begin at the beginning? Medical students’ knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and resistance: a systematic review

Does the problem begin at the beginning? Medical students’ knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and resistance: a systematic review

Attitudes of High Versus Low Antibiotic Prescribers in the Management of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: a Mixed Methods Study

The Drivers of Antibiotic Use and Misuse: The Development and Investigation of a Theory Driven Community Measure

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