Development and validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS).

Watson, David; O’Hara, Michael W.; Simms, Leonard J.; Kotov, Roman; Chmielewski, Michael S.; McDade-Montez, Elizabeth; Gámez, Wakiza; Stuart, Scott

doi:10.1037/1040-3590.19.3.253

Cited by 646 publications

(669 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…The mean convergent correlation was .51, which reflects a strong level of convergent validity; these results are particularly impressive given that the IDAS-CR consists of a series of single ratings. Thus, consistent with previous research (e.g., Beck et al, 1988;Clark & Watson, 1991;Watson et al, 2007), our results demonstrate substantial associations between self-report and interview-based symptom measures.Having said that, however, we also must acknowledge that the convergent correlation for Well-Being (r = .30) is substantially lower than that for any other scale (the next lowest coefficient is r = .42 for Ill Temper). In this regard, some of our interviewers commented that they found it particularly challenging to rate well-being/positive affectivity (this rating also showed a relatively low level of interrater reliability in this sample, with an intraclass correlation of .69), given that they were much more used to evaluating dysfunction and psychopathology than healthy psychological functioning.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…A large, nonspecific factor also emerged in all three solutions; this dimension represents the core (and largely nonspecific) emotional and cognitive symptoms of depression and anxiety (see Watson et al, 2007, Table 1). The IDAS Dysphoria scale was created to capture the nature and scope of this diverse factor.…”

Section: Development Of the Idasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, three scales-Panic, Social Anxiety, and Traumatic Intrusions-assess specific types of anxiety symptoms. The other two content scales assess feelings of high energy and positive affect (Well-Being) and anger/hostility (Ill Temper).A large, nonspecific factor also emerged in all three solutions; this dimension represents the core (and largely nonspecific) emotional and cognitive symptoms of depression and anxiety (see Watson et al, 2007, Table 1). The IDAS Dysphoria scale was created to capture the nature and scope of this diverse factor.…”

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confidence: 97%

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AbstractWe explicated the validity of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS; Watson et al, 2007) in two samples (306 college students, and 605 psychiatric patients). The IDAS scales showed strong convergent validity in relation to parallel interview-based scores on the Clinician Rating version of the IDAS (IDAS-CR); the mean convergent correlations were .51 and .62 in the student and patient samples, respectively.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, however, the accumulating research also has exposed some limitations of these instruments, thereby establishing the need for alternative measures (Joiner et al, 2005). Watson et al (2007) created the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS) to complement these traditional measures and to address their limitations.The IDAS differs from these older instruments in two basic ways. First, these traditional measures originally were created to yield a single overall index of symptom severity.…”

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Further validation of the IDAS: Evidence of convergent, discriminant, criterion, and incremental validity.

Watson¹,

O’Hara²,

Chmielewski³

et al. 2008

Psychological Assessment

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We explicated the validity of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS; Watson et al., 2007) in two samples (306 college students, and 605 psychiatric patients). The IDAS scales showed strong convergent validity in relation to parallel interview-based scores on the Clinician Rating version of the IDAS (IDAS-CR); the mean convergent correlations were .51 and .62 in the student and patient samples, respectively. With the exception of Well-Being, the scales also consistently demonstrated significant discriminant validity. Furthermore, the scales displayed substantial criterion validity in relation to DSM-IV mood and anxiety disorder diagnoses in the patient sample. We identified particularly clear and strong associations between (for a recent review, see Joiner, Walker, Pettit, Perez, & Cukrowicz, 2005). At the same time, however, the accumulating research also has exposed some limitations of these instruments, thereby establishing the need for alternative measures (Joiner et al., 2005). Watson et al. (2007) created the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS) to complement these traditional measures and to address their limitations.The IDAS differs from these older instruments in two basic ways. First, these traditional measures originally were created to yield a single overall index of symptom severity. These total scores are valuable in many contexts; nevertheless, this focus on global dysfunction ignores the heterogeneous and multidimensional nature of depressive symptoms, and it hampers the identification of meaningful subtypes (Ingram & Siegle, 2002;Joiner et al., 2005). In contrast, the IDAS was specifically designed to contain multiple scales assessing specific symptoms of depression (e.g., insomnia, suicidality, appetite loss).Second, extensive evidence has established that these depression measures are very strongly associated with symptoms of anxiety (e.g., Clark & Watson, 1991;Mineka, Watson, & Clark, 1998;Watson, 2005). Consequently, the original IDAS item pool contained a broad range of anxiety-related symptoms. The inclusion of these items facilitated the development of depression scales with good discriminant validity, and also eventually led to the creation of complementary anxiety scales (e.g., social anxiety, panic). Development and Preliminary Validation of the IDAS Further Validation of the IDAS 4 Development of the IDASAn initial pool of 180 items was subjected to a series of analyses in a large undergraduate sample (see Watson et al., 2007, Study 1); this yielded a revised pool of 169 items. Next, this revised set of items was administered to large samples of college students, psychiatric patients, and community adults (Watson et al., 2007, Study 2). Data from these three samples were subjected to separate series of principal factor analyses. Ten specific content factors emerged in all three samples and were used to create corresponding scales. Five of these scales represent specific symptoms of major depression: Insomnia, Lassitude (which includes items refle...

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confidence: 93%

Section: Development Of the Idasmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further validation of the IDAS: Evidence of convergent, discriminant, criterion, and incremental validity.

Watson¹,

O’Hara²,

Chmielewski³

et al. 2008

Psychological Assessment

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Dementia Subtypes Defined Through Neuropsychiatric Symptom–Associated Brain Connectivity Patterns

Zhao,

Xie,

Fonzo

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceUnderstanding the heterogeneity of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) and associated brain abnormalities is essential for effective management and treatment of dementia.ObjectiveTo identify dementia subtypes with distinct functional connectivity associated with neuropsychiatric subsyndromes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsUsing data from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies-3 (OASIS-3; recruitment began in 2005) and Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; recruitment began in 2004) databases, this cross-sectional study analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans, clinical assessments, and neuropsychological measures of participants aged 42 to 95 years. The fMRI data were processed from July 2022 to February 2024, with secondary analysis conducted from August 2022 to March 2024. Participants without medical conditions or medical contraindications for MRI were recruited.Main Outcomes and MeasuresA multivariate sparse canonical correlation analysis was conducted to identify functional connectivity–informed NPS subsyndromes, including behavioral and anxiety subsyndromes. Subsequently, a clustering analysis was performed on obtained latent connectivity profiles to reveal neurophysiological subtypes, and differences in abnormal connectivity and phenotypic profiles between subtypes were examined.ResultsAmong 1098 participants in OASIS-3, 177 individuals who had fMRI and at least 1 NPS at baseline were included (78 female [44.1%]; median [IQR] age, 72 [67-78] years) as a discovery dataset. There were 2 neuropsychiatric subsyndromes identified: behavioral (r = 0.22; P = .002; P for permutation = .007) and anxiety (r = 0.19; P = .01; P for permutation = .006) subsyndromes from connectivity NPS–associated latent features. The behavioral subsyndrome was characterized by connections predominantly involving the default mode (within-network contribution by summed correlation coefficients = 54) and somatomotor (within-network contribution = 58) networks and NPSs involving nighttime behavior disturbance (R = −0.29; P &lt; .001), agitation (R = −0.28; P = .001), and apathy (R = −0.23; P = .007). The anxiety subsyndrome mainly consisted of connections involving the visual network (within-network contribution = 53) and anxiety-related NPSs (R = 0.36; P &lt; .001). By clustering individuals along these 2 subsyndrome-associated connectivity latent features, 3 subtypes were found (subtype 1: 45 participants; subtype 2: 43 participants; subtype 3: 66 participants). Patients with dementia of subtype 3 exhibited similar brain connectivity and cognitive behavior patterns to those of healthy individuals. However, patients with dementia of subtypes 1 and 2 had different dysfunctional connectivity profiles involving the frontoparietal control network (FPC) and somatomotor network (the difference by summed z values was 230 within the SMN and 173 between the SMN and FPC for subtype 1 and 473 between the SMN and visual network for subtype 2) compared with those of healthy individuals. These dysfunctional connectivity patterns were associated with differences in baseline dementia severity (eg, the median [IQR] of the total score of NPSs was 2 [2-7] for subtype 3 vs 6 [3-8] for subtype 1; P = .04 and 5.5 [3-11] for subtype 2; P = .03) and longitudinal progression of cognitive impairment and behavioral dysfunction (eg, the overall interaction association between time and subtypes to orientation was F = 4.88; P = .008; using the time × subtype 3 interaction item as the reference level: β = 0.05; t = 2.6 for time × subtype 2; P = .01). These findings were further validated using a replication dataset of 193 participants (127 female [65.8%]; median [IQR] age, 74 [69-77] years) consisting of 154 newly released participants from OASIS-3 and 39 participants from ADNI.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings may provide a novel framework to disentangle the neuropsychiatric and brain functional heterogeneity of dementia, offering a promising avenue to improve clinical management and facilitate the timely development of targeted interventions for patients with dementia.

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Abnormal Amygdala Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Adolescent Depression

et al. 2014

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IMPORTANCE Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently emerges during adolescence and can lead to persistent illness, disability, and suicide. The maturational changes that take place in the brain during adolescence underscore the importance of examining neurobiological mechanisms during this time of early illness. However, neural mechanisms of depression in adolescents have been understudied. Research has implicated the amygdala in emotion processing in mood disorders, and adult depression studies have suggested amygdala-frontal connectivity deficits. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging is an advanced tool that can be used to probe neural networks and identify brain-behavior relationships.OBJECTIVE To examine amygdala resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in adolescents with and without MDD using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging as well as how amygdala RSFC relates to a broad range of symptom dimensions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA cross-sectional resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study was conducted within a depression research program at an academic medical center. Participants included 41 adolescents and young adults aged 12 to 19 years with MDD and 29 healthy adolescents (frequency matched on age and sex) with no psychiatric diagnoses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESUsing a whole-brain functional connectivity approach, we examined the correlation of spontaneous fluctuation of the blood oxygen level-dependent signal of each voxel in the whole brain with that of the amygdala. RESULTSAdolescents with MDD showed lower positive RSFC between the amygdala and hippocampus, parahippocampus, and brainstem (z >2.3, corrected P < .05); this connectivity was inversely correlated with general depression (R = −.523, P = .01), dysphoria (R = −.455, P = .05), and lassitude (R = −.449, P = .05) and was positively correlated with well-being (R = .470, P = .03). Patients also demonstrated greater (positive) amygdala-precuneus RSFC (z >2.3, corrected P < .05) in contrast to negative amygdala-precuneus RSFC in the adolescents serving as controls.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Impaired amygdala-hippocampal/brainstem and amygdala-precuneus RSFC have not previously been highlighted in depression and may be unique to adolescent MDD. These circuits are important for different aspects of memory and self-processing and for modulation of physiologic responses to emotion. The findings suggest potential mechanisms underlying both mood and vegetative symptoms, potentially via impaired processing of memories and visceral signals that spontaneously arise during rest, contributing to the persistent symptoms experienced by adolescents with depression.

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Development and validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS).

Cited by 646 publications

References 44 publications

Further validation of the IDAS: Evidence of convergent, discriminant, criterion, and incremental validity.

Further validation of the IDAS: Evidence of convergent, discriminant, criterion, and incremental validity.

Dementia Subtypes Defined Through Neuropsychiatric Symptom–Associated Brain Connectivity Patterns

Abnormal Amygdala Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Adolescent Depression

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