Development And Validation Of Sports Orientation Questionnaire For Chinese Adolescent Students

Chang, Jindong; Liu, Xiaolei; Yang, Ming; Liu, Yi; Guan, Mingxi; Li, Yang; Chen, Yunsai; Liu, Xin; Peng, Yan; Guo, Hao; Song, Naiqing

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000536756.42459.74

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“…Gill's SOQ has already been adapted to create a Chinese version of the measurement, revised and validated using college students and elite athletes (Li and Tang, 1990). However, a recent study has reported that Gill's SOQ (Chinese version) cannot adequately distinguished Chinese youth sport orientation, particularly in differentiating between competitiveness and win orientations (Chang et al, 2018). Additionally, an earlier study found that Gill's SOQ (Japanese version) differed when compared back to the original English-language version in terms of competitiveness (Wakayama et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sports motivation, sports participation, and sports competitiveness have been used and have been shown to be effective models for evaluating certain athletes (e.g., elite athletes or disabled athletes) (Zarghmi et al, 2010;Scoffier et al, 2012;Allen et al, 2015). However, there are only a few scholars who have focused specifically on adolescent sport orientation (Vilkas and Mëlinis, 2017;Chang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, sample participants have been largely sourced from the United States, Australia, or the European Union. Very few studies have reported results from Asian or Middle Eastern contexts, though there has been published research from Iran (Farshad et al, 2013), Japan (Wakayama et al, 2002), and China (Kang et al, 1990;Chang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Validation of a Short Version Sport Orientation Questionnaire for Chinese Adolescents (SOQ-CA)

Chang

Song

2020

Front. Psychol.

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A noted decrease in adolescent physical activity in the past decade has resulted in an increase in health risks. Sport orientation correlates closely with physical activity. A sufficient assessment scale that measures an individual's sport orientation is important to measure an adolescent's physical inactivity. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a short version of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire for Chinese Adolescents (SOQ-CA). Based on Gill's SOQ and previous literature, an initial 30-item questionnaire was developed to create the original SOQ-CA. A five-point Likert scale was used to measure by self-report. In this study, three surveys were conducted. Volunteer participants completed 1,235 valid questionnaires. The data of the first collection sample (n = 486) were split randomly into two groups, sample 1 (n = 150) used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and sample 2 (n = 336) for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The data of the second (n = 377) and third (n = 372) collection samples were used to perform test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and CFA of the SOQ-CA. The SOQ-CA obtained good reliability and validity through both EFA and CFA. The development of the SOQ-CA provides an opportunity to develop further theories and practices regarding the assessment of both sport motivation and individual achievement orientation. The application of the SOQ-CA in China would be significant for monitoring the development of adolescent physical activity and aiding in the implementation of policies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%