Development and validation of patient diabetes knowledge questionnaire (PDKQ)

Abstract

Background Evaluation of diabetes knowledge plays a pivotal role in identifying and addressing patients’ knowledge gaps. The implementation of a standardized diabetes knowledge assessment tool is important to ensure consistent scoring and facilitating the development of effective and standardized education programs. Aim To develop and validate a patient diabetes knowledge questionnaire (PDKQ) to assess knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients. Methods The development of the PDKQ questionnaire involved three phases: item development, content validation, and reliability testing. In the item development phase, the initial draft of the PDKQ, comprising a multiple-choice answer questionnaire was developed. The content validation phase comprised two stages. Firstly, ten experts participated in the expert validation process, followed by face validation involving six patients. In the final phase, test–retest analysis was performed among diabetes mellitus patients to assess reliability. Results The first draft of PDKQ consisted of 11 patient characteristics items and 37 items of multiple choices questions. During the expert validation, three items were eliminated due to low clarity, and an additional six items were removed as they were deemed irrelevant or unimportant. During the face validation, three patients' characteristic items and eight multiple-choice questions were excluded due to a content validity index of less than 0.83. In the test–retest phase, 36 subjects responded to 8 items pertaining to patients' characteristics and 20 multiple-choice questions. The test–retest analysis yielded an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.88, indicating good reliability. Conclusion The 20-item PDKQ is a reliable and robust tool in assessing the knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients in Malaysia. Its implementation allows standardized assessment of diabetic patients' knowledge levels, enabling targeted interventions to empower patients and optimize diabetes care practices.

The Development and Validation of The Indonesian Insulin Adherence Influence Factor Questionnaire (IIAIFQ)

“…The questionnaire about the adherence to insulin used was adapted from the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) (MIAS) (Osborn & Gonzalez, 2016). There was a questionnaire about factors determining insulin adherence like diabetes knowledge, such as the patient diabetes knowledge questionnaire (PDKQ) and diabetes knowledge questionnaire (DKQ) in the Taiwanese population; a questionnaire about quality of life, such as the Asian diabetes quality of life questionnaire and Indonesian version of the A the audit of diabetes dependent quality of life questionnaire (ADDQoL); and the questionnaire about diabetes mellitus patient behaviour in primary health care service (Hsieh et al, 2022;Lim et al, 2023;Oliveira et al, 2022;Permana et al, 2021;Rooswita et al, 2021;Saputri et al, 2019).…”