Development and validation of methods for assessing the quality of diagnostic accuracy studies

Abstract

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Performance of screening tests for child physical abuse in accident and emergency departments

“…Neither adequately reflected the clinical screening assessment in A&E, the reference standard of referral or not to social services for suspected physical abuse, or the population of all injured children attending A&E. Further major flaws were the lack of independence and blinding between the clinical assessment and the reference standard and use of a different reference standard in children referred and not referred. As shown in Table 28 (Appendix 3), these studies failed to meet all but two of the 12 quality criteria listed in the QUADAS tool 129 modified by Martin et al 130 Oral et al 82 evaluated children under 3 years seen with a fracture in A&E or orthopaedic clinic (sensitivity 36%, false-positive rate 1%). Referral to the paediatricians (test positive) or not (test negative) was compared in children with probable abuse or inadequate documentation to exclude abuse (reference standard classification for abuse) and in children in whom abuse was excluded by researchers using medical records.…”

Stress Radiography for the Diagnosis of Knee Ligament Injuries: A Systematic Review

“…After the final selection of articles was agreed on, the same two reviewers independently examined study quality using the QUADAS-2 tool [50][51][52] (Table 1). Differences between reviewers were settled by consensus.…”

“…However, only six studies included analysis of intrarater and interrater reliability [12,25,26,28,30,42]. [50][51][52]. Fig.…”

18F‐fluoro‐deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in assessment of myeloma‐related bone disease: A systematic review

“…8 Some items were modified for this specific review (Table 1). Each item was scored as ''positive'' or ''negative. ''…”