Development and Validation of Ecotourism Smartphone Application Scale (ESAS) and General Experience Scale (GES)

Ganapathy, Tanalachimi; Othman, Mohd Kamal; Yahya, Abdulrazak Saleh

doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2118204

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Without question, SL increases smartphone usage and even leads to smartphone addiction [13,17,77,86]. In tourism activities, smart tourism applications are part of the use of smartphones [26,42]. Therefore, this study believes that SL is correlated with smart tourism applications.…”

Section: H13 Social Loneliness (Sl) Affects Tourist Happiness (Th)mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…At first glance, habitual smartphone behaviors and smart tourism applications do not seem to have much to do with each other. Some studies have analyzed the influence of habitual smartphone behaviors on TH [30,73,74] and smart tourism applications on TH [8,10,26], but few studies have looked at the influence of habitual smartphone behaviors on smart tourism applications. In fact, people with more frequent habitual smartphone behaviors may have better learning abilities [1,41] and are likely to use more smart tourism applications.…”

Section: H2 Habitual Smartphone Behaviors Affect Tourist Happiness (Th)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a lack of research on whether SL directly affects TH. Smartphones are used anytime and anywhere [24], and a great variety of powerful smartphone applications provide conveniences for tourists in their travels [25][26][27]. Smartphone usage is deeply embedded in all aspects of tourism activities, such as information queries [9], bookings [28], and AI experiences [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Social Loneliness on Tourist Happiness: A Mediation Analysis Based on Smartphone Usage

2023

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Smartphone usage affects the relationship between social loneliness in tourism and tourist happiness. This study discusses the effect of social loneliness on tourist happiness by considering three aspects of smartphone usage—habitual smartphone behaviors, smartphone communication, and smart tourism applications—as mediating variables. Based on stimulus–organism–response theory, this study collected data through questionnaires, analyzed the data using SPSS and Amos, and reached three findings, as follows: (1) Social loneliness affects tourist happiness either directly or indirectly. (2) Habitual smartphone behaviors not only directly affect tourist happiness but also affect tourist happiness as a mediating variable and multiple mediating variables. (3) Smartphone communication does not affect tourist happiness either directly or indirectly as a mediating variable or as one of multiple mediating variables of social loneliness. (4) Smart tourism applications not only directly affect tourist happiness but also affect tourist happiness indirectly as one of multiple mediating variables. This study is not only conducive to exploring social loneliness and the influence mechanism of social loneliness on tourist happiness, but it is also conducive to suggesting that scenic spots should add interesting group activities in project development to reduce social loneliness. Attention should also be paid to social loneliness in destination marketing.

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Section: H13 Social Loneliness (Sl) Affects Tourist Happiness (Th)mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: H2 Habitual Smartphone Behaviors Affect Tourist Happiness (Th)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Social Loneliness on Tourist Happiness: A Mediation Analysis Based on Smartphone Usage

2023

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Promoting Digital Entrepreneurship and Ecotourism Development Through Smartphone

Hossain

Rahman

Adnan

et al. 2023

Social Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation in Eco-Tourism

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Development and Validation of Ecotourism Smartphone Application Scale (ESAS) and General Experience Scale (GES)

Cited by 2 publications

References 120 publications

Effect of Social Loneliness on Tourist Happiness: A Mediation Analysis Based on Smartphone Usage

Effect of Social Loneliness on Tourist Happiness: A Mediation Analysis Based on Smartphone Usage

Promoting Digital Entrepreneurship and Ecotourism Development Through Smartphone

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