Development and validation of an SPE-GC-MS/MS taste and odour method for analysis in surface water

Wright, Elliott J.; Daurie, Heather; Gagnon, Graham A.

doi:10.1080/03067319.2014.974586

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The pressure of the rotary evaporation chamber was 920 mbar, the temperatures of the water bath and recirculated cooling water were 28°C and 10°C, respectively. To compare the efficiency of the pre-concentration methods, several other pre-concentration methods including simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) using methylene chloride (Young and Suffet, 1999), solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) using fibers coated by CW/PDMS, PDMS/DVB, or CAR/PDMS/DVB (Watson et al, 1999), and solid phase extraction (SPE) using HLB and C18 cartridges (Wright et al, 2014) were also conducted. The experimental procedures of the other three extraction methods can be found in Supporting Information.…”

Section: Sampling and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of complex septic odorants in Huangpu River source water by combining the data from gas chromatography-olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using retention indices

Guo

Yang

Wen

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identification of the trace odorants causing the septic odors in source waters with complex matrixes has long been a big challenge. The Huangpu (HP) River, an important source water for Shanghai, has long been suffering from septic and musty odors, although major odorants have not been identified. In this study, combining the data from gas chromatography-olfactometry with mass spectrometry (GC-O/MS) and comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) using retention indices (RIs) was used for the identification of odorants in HP source water. Olfactometry peaks detected in water extracts by GC-O/MS were combined with the chromatography peaks detected by GC × GC-TOFMS based on the RIs determined using the retention times (RTs) of alkanes C7-C30. A total of thirteen olfactometry peaks were obtained though GC-O/MS analysis, and potential odorants corresponding to each of the olfactometry peaks were screened based on the odor characteristics and match similarity using GC × GC-TOFMS. Finally, fourteen odorants (one odorant was detected in GC × GC-TOFMS without an olfactometry peak), including three septic odorants (bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether, diethyl disulfide and dimethyl disulfide) and two musty ones (geosmin and 2-MIB), were confirmed by using authentic standards. The septic and musty odorants in six Contents lists available at ScienceDirectScience of the Total Environment j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / s c i t o t e n v source water samples taken over a period of six months were quantified. Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether, with an odor activity value (OAV) of 1.84-3.2, was found to be a major septic odorant in HP source water, followed by diethyl disulfide (OAV 1.56-1.96) and dimethyl disulfide (OAV 0.37-2.42), while geosmin (OAV 4.37-11.44) was the major musty odorant, followed by 2-MIB (OAV 1.13-1.89). This is the first comprehensive study focusing on the identification of odorants in a complex source water. The integrated approach used in this study could be applied for the identification of odorants in other complex source waters suffering similar odor problems.

show abstract

Section: Sampling and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of complex septic odorants in Huangpu River source water by combining the data from gas chromatography-olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using retention indices

Guo

Yang

Wen

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, many of the methods require extensive conditioning and washing of cartridges before and after runs. Likewise, many require additional post-extraction stages, such as Wright, et al 24 centrifuging their extractant at 1000 rpm and Ikai, et al 25 using a headspace extraction at 70 °C for 30 min prior to GC–MS detection. Wright, et al 24 and Kim, et al 26 also require SPE cartridge drying times at various stages in their methods to remove any residual sample or wash solvent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An automated micro solid phase extraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (μSPE-GC–MS) detection method for geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in drinking water

Bristow

Haworth-Duff

Young

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) are amongst the most common earthy and musty taste and odour (T&O) compounds found in drinking water. With low odour threshold detection limits below 10 ng L−1, and the complexity of raw water matrices, these two compounds provide a significant challenge for water companies globally. In this research, for the first time, a novel and fully automated micro-solid phase-extraction (μSPE) method coupled with gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS) has been developed for the detection of geosmin and 2-MIB for drinking water analysis. The new automated method described herein is environmentally friendly requiring low raw water sample volumes, of 25 mL, and only 50 μL of elution solvent. Our μSPE-GC–MS method exhibits excellent linearity for both compounds (R2 > 0.999) and low limits of detection of 2.0 ng L−1 and 4.3 ng L−1 for geosmin and 2-MIB, respectively. The method showed excellent recovery rates (95.1–100.1%) and good precision (RSD < 7%) in raw sample matrices. Our approach is fully automated onto a robotic workstation which can be readily integrated into a laboratory workflow for routine water analysis. Furthermore, the method has excellent potential to be incorporated within a portable system for onsite analysis.

show abstract

“…Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been widely used in odorant analysis in drinking water. For quantifying the multiple odorants with a wide spectrum of physical and chemical properties, GC–MS is still confined to limited separation capacity and sensitivity. , Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC–MS) is considered one of the most powerful and versatile separation tools and has been employed to determine 54 typical odorants in Huangpu River . Additionally, gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) shows superiority in quantification analysis on the basis of precursor and product ion pairs, which might be a suitable tool for the simultaneous detection of the multiple odorants with very low concentrations .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Analytics Determines Co-occurrence of Odorants in Raw Water and Evaluates Drinking Water Treatment Removal Strategies

Wang

Gallagher

Dietrich

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A complex dataset with 140 sampling events was generated using triple quadrupole gas chromatography-mass spectrometer to track the occurrence of 95 odorants in raw and finished water from 98 drinking water treatment plants in 31 cities across China. Data analysis identified more than 70 odorants with concentrations ranging from not detected to thousands of ng/L. In raw water, Pearson correlation analysis determined that thioethers, non-oxygen benzene-containing compounds, and pyrazines were classes of chemicals that co-occurred, and geosmin and p(m)-cresol, as well as cyclohexanone and benzaldehyde, also co-occurred, indicating similar natural or industrial sources. Based on classification and regression tree analysis, total dissolved organic carbon and geographical location were identified as major factors affecting the occurrence of thioethers. Indoles, phenols, and thioethers were well-removed through conventional and advanced treatment processes, while some aldehydes could be generated. For other odorants, higher removal was achieved by ozonation-biological activated carbon (39.3%) compared to the conventional treatment process (14.5%). To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically identify the major odorants in raw water and determine suitable treatment strategies to control their occurrence by applying data analytics and statistical methods to the complex dataset. These provide informative reference for odor control and water quality management in drinking water industry.

show abstract

Development and validation of an SPE-GC-MS/MS taste and odour method for analysis in surface water

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Identification of complex septic odorants in Huangpu River source water by combining the data from gas chromatography-olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using retention indices

Identification of complex septic odorants in Huangpu River source water by combining the data from gas chromatography-olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using retention indices

An automated micro solid phase extraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (μSPE-GC–MS) detection method for geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in drinking water

Data Analytics Determines Co-occurrence of Odorants in Raw Water and Evaluates Drinking Water Treatment Removal Strategies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About