Development and validation of an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of the alcohol biomarkers ethyl glucuronide, ethyl sulfate, N‐acetyltaurine, and 16:0/18:1‐phosphatidylethanol in human blood

Hofmann, Vanessa; Sundermann, Tom R.; Schmitt, Georg; Bartel, Marc

doi:10.1002/dta.3147

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This study [ 50 ] validated a new method for the simultaneous determination of four alcohol biomarkers, namely, ethyl glucuronide (EtG), ethyl sulfate, N-acetyltaurine, and 16:0/18:1-phosphatidylethanol (Peth). It was developed and validated using human whole blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Laboratory Parameters Are Useful for Screening for Alcohol Use Disorder: Designing a Predictive Model Using Machine Learning

Pinar-Sanchez

Bermejo

Pozo

et al. 2022

JCM

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The diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a difficult challenge, and some patients may not be adequately diagnosed. This study aims to identify an optimum combination of laboratory markers to detect alcohol consumption, using data science. An analytical observational study was conducted with 337 subjects (253 men and 83 women, with a mean age of 44 years (10.61 Standard Deviation (SD)). The first group included 204 participants being treated in the Addictive Behaviors Unit (ABU) from Albacete (Spain). They met the diagnostic criteria for AUD specified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders fifth edition (DSM-5). The second group included 133 blood donors (people with no risk of AUD), recruited by cross-section. All participants were also divided in two groups according to the WHO classification for risk of alcohol consumption in Spain, that is, males drinking more than 28 standard drink units (SDUs) or women drinking more than 17 SDUs. Medical history and laboratory markers were selected from our hospital’s database. A correlation between alterations in laboratory markers and the amount of alcohol consumed was established. We then created three predicted models (with logistic regression, classification tree, and Bayesian network) to detect risk of alcohol consumption by using laboratory markers as predictive features. For the execution of the selection of variables and the creation and validation of predictive models, two tools were used: the scikit-learn library for Python, and the Weka application. The logistic regression model provided a maximum AUD prediction accuracy of 85.07%. Secondly, the classification tree provided a lower accuracy of 79.4%, but easier interpretation. Finally, the Naive Bayes network had an accuracy of 87.46%. The combination of several common biochemical markers and the use of data science can enhance detection of AUD, helping to prevent future medical complications derived from AUD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Laboratory Parameters Are Useful for Screening for Alcohol Use Disorder: Designing a Predictive Model Using Machine Learning

Pinar-Sanchez

Bermejo

Pozo

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Current developments in LC-MS/MS developments allow the parallel detection of blood EtG, EtS, and PEth in one chromatographic method and should facilitate implementation of this combined testing strategy (Hofmann et al, 2021). The inclusion of additional markers has been studied as well (FAEEs, N-acetyltaurine), however for N-acetyltaurine further research is recommended (Hofmann et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2017). Especially, in post-mortem cases, these methods can facilitate finding answers to complex questions regarding the consumption and the differentiation between ethanol intake prior to death versus alcohol being formed during the decomposition process is possible (Hofmann et al, 2021).…”

Section: Combining the Strengths Of The Individual Markers And Develo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive PEth with positive EtG/EtS results confirms recent drinking (Nguyen et al, 2018; Skipper et al, 2013). Current developments in LC–MS/MS developments allow the parallel detection of blood EtG, EtS, and PEth in one chromatographic method and should facilitate implementation of this combined testing strategy (Hofmann et al, 2021). The inclusion of additional markers has been studied as well (FAEEs, N‐acetyltaurine), however for N‐acetyltaurine further research is recommended (Hofmann et al, 2021; Zhang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Combining the Strengths Of The Individual Markers And Develo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current developments in LC–MS/MS developments allow the parallel detection of blood EtG, EtS, and PEth in one chromatographic method and should facilitate implementation of this combined testing strategy (Hofmann et al, 2021). The inclusion of additional markers has been studied as well (FAEEs, N‐acetyltaurine), however for N‐acetyltaurine further research is recommended (Hofmann et al, 2021; Zhang et al, 2017). Especially, in post‐mortem cases, these methods can facilitate finding answers to complex questions regarding the consumption and the differentiation between ethanol intake prior to death versus alcohol being formed during the decomposition process is possible (Hofmann et al, 2021).…”

Section: Combining the Strengths Of The Individual Markers And Develo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring the use of alcohol—A critical overview of the state‐of‐the‐art biomarkers

Uytfanghe

Boosere

Stove

2022

WIREs Forensic Science

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The use of alcohol, despite it being a psychoactive substance, is widely accepted. This acceptance and the ease of access may lead to alcohol abuse and dependence. Misuse of alcohol is one of the leading causes of preventable illness, injury or death, has social consequences, and can be linked to various types of criminal activities. Upon monitoring alcohol consumption, the question is not necessarily solely whether or not someone is or was abstinent, but may also imply what kind of drinking behavior or patterns are displayed. To reveal the answer, a portfolio of different biomarkers for alcohol (ab)use has been established. A distinction is made between indirect and direct markers. Indirect biomarkers are proteins, enzymes, or cells of which the level or activity undergoes typical changes as a result of (excessive) alcohol intake [e.g., carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin (CDT)], while direct biomarkers are ethanol itself and molecules which are directly related to the metabolism of alcohol [e.g., ethyl glucuronide (EtG), ethyl sulphate (EtS), fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), and phosphatidylethanol (PEth)]. These direct biomarkers have the potential to differentiate between drinking behaviors because they allow a higher sensitivity and specificity, in particular for the detection of abstinence or any drinking, and because they can be measured in different matrices, with different detection windows. These assets open the possibilities for testing strategies based on a combination of different markers that can be used both in retrospective and prospective assessments of alcohol intake. This article is categorized under: Toxicology > Alcohol

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“…Thus, PEth is an example of a direct alcohol marker, which can be measured in blood only after intake of ethanol and is less affected by medical conditions, as could be the case for indirect alcohol biomarkers 8 . PEth 16:0/18:1 is the dominant homologue of the phosphatidylethanols and is regularly used in laboratory analyses 9,10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Falsely low phosphatidylethanol may be associated with biomarkers of haemolytic disease

Årving

Hilberg

Sovershaev

et al. 2022

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Aims Falsely lower or even negative phosphatidylethanol (PEth) levels may theoretically be seen in patients with haemolytic diseases, and the present study aimed to elucidate this hypothesis. Methods PEth and carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin (CDT) from 9893 serum and whole blood samples were included along with markers of haemolysis (i.e. haptoglobin, HbA1c, reticulocytes, LD and Hb). Cases showing discrepancy between PEth and CDT, that is, a low PEth value and a high CDT value, were considered to be possibly caused by falsely lowered PEth despite high alcohol consumption. These cases (N = 233) were compared to the control group without PEth and CDT mismatch. Results The levels of haptoglobin were significantly lower in the cases showing low PEth and high CDT (estimate = −0.62, p = 0.002). The levels of HbA1c (estimate = −3.26, p = 0.001) and Hb (estimate = −0.507, p < 0.001) were also significantly lower in this group. These findings indicate haemolytic diseases in the low PEth/high CDT group. There were no significant differences for reticulocytes and LD concentrations between the low PEth/high CDT group and the control group. Conclusions These results indicate that falsely low PEth values could be associated with markers of haemolytic diseases, although more research is needed to highlight this further.

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Development and validation of an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of the alcohol biomarkers ethyl glucuronide, ethyl sulfate, N‐acetyltaurine, and 16:0/18:1‐phosphatidylethanol in human blood

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Common Laboratory Parameters Are Useful for Screening for Alcohol Use Disorder: Designing a Predictive Model Using Machine Learning

Common Laboratory Parameters Are Useful for Screening for Alcohol Use Disorder: Designing a Predictive Model Using Machine Learning

Monitoring the use of alcohol—A critical overview of the state‐of‐the‐art biomarkers

Falsely low phosphatidylethanol may be associated with biomarkers of haemolytic disease

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