Development and Validation of an Arabic Version of the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5)

Alshayea, Ahmad Kassab

doi:10.1007/s10862-023-10027-x

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The instrument was validated and made available in Arabic. 28 The five items on the scale measure vitality (feeling energetic, being fresh, and reinvigorated when waking up in the morning), having a healthy interest in one’s hobbies and ambitions, and maintaining a good mood. 28 Each item is scored using a six-point Likert scale, with 0 representing “never” and 5 representing “always”—with higher scores indicating greater self-perceived well-being.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 28 The five items on the scale measure vitality (feeling energetic, being fresh, and reinvigorated when waking up in the morning), having a healthy interest in one’s hobbies and ambitions, and maintaining a good mood. 28 Each item is scored using a six-point Likert scale, with 0 representing “never” and 5 representing “always”—with higher scores indicating greater self-perceived well-being. 28 Total scores ranged from 0 to 25, with results falling below 13 being associated with reduced well-being—hence, requiring a depression test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 28 Each item is scored using a six-point Likert scale, with 0 representing “never” and 5 representing “always”—with higher scores indicating greater self-perceived well-being. 28 Total scores ranged from 0 to 25, with results falling below 13 being associated with reduced well-being—hence, requiring a depression test. The WHO-5 is now available in over 30 languages.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A cross-sectional study of resilience and well-being among nursing students in Saudi Arabia

Rayani,

Alodhailah,

Alreshidi

2024

SAGE Open Medicine

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Objectives: Promoting resilience and embracing healthy coping strategies can effectively assist nursing students in managing stress and enhancing their welfare. Nonetheless, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing their well-being and resilience, pivotal for both academic accomplishments and future career longevity, remains incomplete. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was adopted for this study. Participants comprised students enrolled in pre-registration nursing programs at both undergraduate and graduate levels. The World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were utilized to assess psychological well-being and resilience, respectively. Results: The study involved 175 university nursing students selected through convenience sampling. On the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the average score was 25.5, with undergraduate and graduate students scoring an average of 25.4 and 26.3, respectively. Nevertheless, the two groups had no statistically significant difference ( p = 0.526). Regarding perceived well-being, the average World Health Organization-5 score was 16.1, with no noticeable distinction between undergraduates and postgraduates ( p = 0.858). Notably, bivariate analysis revealed a moderate positive correlation between self-reported resilience and perceived well-being ( rp = 0.281, p = 0.001). Moreover, senior students exhibited significantly higher scores on the perceived well-being scale than junior students (17.0 vs 15.1, p = 0.010). Multivariable regression analysis also identified that self-reported resilience represents a consistent means of predicting perceived well-being (regression coefficient B = 0.22, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The outcomes indicate that university-based nursing students who exhibit higher levels of resilience have more positive perceptions of their well-being. Moreover, postgraduate students exhibit more significant resilience levels than undergraduate students.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A cross-sectional study of resilience and well-being among nursing students in Saudi Arabia

Rayani,

Alodhailah,

Alreshidi

2024

SAGE Open Medicine

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“…, 2022; Topp et al. , 2015) and has been validated for different contexts such as Saudi Arabia (Kassab Alshayea, 2023). The WHO-5 contains five items, such as “I have felt cheerful and in good spirits.” Furthermore, it measures the degree of positive feelings experienced in the last two weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WHO-5 was originally derived from the WHO-10 (Bech et al, 1996), which, in turn, used valid items from Warr et al's (1985) research. Additionally, WHO-5 is widely used (Chan et al, 2022;Nyl en-Eriksen et al, 2022;Topp et al, 2015) and has been validated for different contexts such as Saudi Arabia (Kassab Alshayea, 2023). The WHO-5 contains five items, such as "I have felt cheerful and in good spirits."…”

Section: Subjective Employee Well-being (Sew)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a caring workplace: how managerial caring and perceived insider status shape subjective employee well-being

Aldabbas,

Bettayeb

2023

IJWHM

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PurposeAlthough the study of factors that promote employee well-being is not a new research area, the impact of managerial caring and perceived insider status on subjective employee well-being is a relatively new and unexplored area within the management literature. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between managerial caring and subjective employee well-being while considering the mediating effect of perceived insider status. Based on social identity theory, the study hypothesized that perceived insider status mediates the link between managerial caring and subjective employee well-being.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyzed data from 193 employees working across various industries in the United Arab Emirates using Process Macro Model 4.FindingsThe findings revealed a positive relationship between managerial caring and employee well-being, which was influenced by the mediating effect of perceived insider status.Originality/valueThe study’s results, which shed light on the process by which managerial caring positively affects employee well-being, provide valuable insights for developing a caring workplace. The findings make a significant contribution to the literature on managerial caring by explaining how the mediating role of perceived insider status influences the relationship between managerial caring and subjective employee well-being.

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Cross-Country Validation of the Arabic version of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index in non- clinical young adults from six Arab countries

Fekih‐Romdhane

Chérif

Alhuwailah

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Subjective well-being (SWB) is a culturally-dependent and context-driven concept; It thus varies widely across- and within cultures. Therefore, cross-cultural validation studies are crucial to prove that the well-being measure covers transcultural components of the construct subjective, and can be used for cross-cultural comparison purposes in international multicenter research. In this regard, we aimed to perform a cross-country validation of the Arabic version of the WHO 5-item Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in terms of factor structure, composite reliability, cross-gender measurement invariance, and concurrent validity by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients between the WHO-5 and measures of depression, anxiety, stress, suicidal ideation and insomnia. Method: We carried-out a cross-sectional, web-based study among a total of 3247 young adults (aged 18-35 years) fromsix Arab countries (i.e., Tunisia, Lebanon, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Kuwait). Results: We found that WHO-5 mean scores varied significantly across countries, ranging from 32.2 ± 22.72 in Egypt to 44.2 ± 26.84 in Morocco. Confirmatory Factor Analyses showed that the fit of a one-factor model to the data proved to be acceptable in all six countries. In addition, the Arabic WHO-5 yielded high reliability coefficients in samples from each of the six countries (McDonald’s ω = 0.92-0.96) and both genders. Results from multi-group analyses demonstrated that configural, metric, and scalar invariance was supported across gender in the total sample and by country. As for concurrent validity, WHO-5 scores showed a strong significant inverse correlation with depression scores. Negative correlations have also been demonstrated between WHO-5 scores and different symptoms of mental health problems (anxiety, stress, suicidal ideation, insomnia) in our sample. Conclusion: By verifying the cross-country validity of the Arabic WHO-5, our study opens its wider application to epidemiologically explore SWB among Arabic-speaking community young adults from broad geographic areas.

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Development and Validation of an Arabic Version of the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5)

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

A cross-sectional study of resilience and well-being among nursing students in Saudi Arabia

A cross-sectional study of resilience and well-being among nursing students in Saudi Arabia

Building a caring workplace: how managerial caring and perceived insider status shape subjective employee well-being

Cross-Country Validation of the Arabic version of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index in non- clinical young adults from six Arab countries

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