Development and Validation of a Clarinet Performance Adjudication Scale

Analysis-By-Synthesis of Timbre, Timing, and Dynamics in Expressive Clarinet Performance

“…Among the possible causal explanations for the differences, he suggested, for instance, that the instrument might have been poorly controlled by the player (e.g., students who move their mouthpiece), or that it might have been in poor condition (e.g., an old reed), resulting in a general lack of homogeneity in the interpretation. Abeles (1973) developed a clarinet performance adjudication scale and observed that the timbre of the tones was one of the most important factors used by music teachers to rate clarinet performances. It is therefore not so surprising that the present participants based their assessments mainly on the timbre of the clarinet tones.…”

The Effect of Singing Mode and Seating Arrangement on Choral Blend and Overall Choral Sound

“…interjudge agreement among musically sophisticated judges would thus be expected to be above chance level, though probably not very hi&. Previous research in musical evaluation, particularly in the evaluation of tone quality, has produced low to moderate interjudge correlations (Abeles, 1973;Burnsed, Hinkle and King, 1985;Campbell, 1971;Ekholm, 1997;Wapnick and Ekholrn, 1997).…”

Dismantling of the star machine: New media and the shifting balance of performance and production in piano competitions

“…To this point, researchers have approached competitions from the production perspective, focusing in particular on factors that affect the objectivity of the jury. Elaborating on the figures reported in scale development and validation studies on evaluations of musical performance by Abeles (1973), Bergee (1997), Cooksey (1977), Fiske (1975), and Zdzinski and Barnes (2002), which demonstrated that judges could reliably evaluate performances in their specialization, Smith (2004) examines the ability of jury panels to not only evaluate performances but also rank performances as required by music competition. Using a panel of five judges and a 9-point scale, Smith demonstrated that a five-judge panel showed high inter-judge reliability, and as few as three judges are sufficient to reliably rank order musical performance.…”