Development and Validation of a Gradient‐HPLC‐PDAD Method for the Identification of Ballpoint Pen Ink Components: Study of Their Decomposition on Aging for Forensic Science Applications

Characterization and Dating of Blue Ballpoint Pen Inks Using Principal Component Analysis of UV–Vis Absorption Spectra, IR Spectroscopy, and HPTLC

“…The destructive analysis start by removal of a small section of the ink line followed by solvent extraction of the ink opens up many more avenues of analysis. In particular, the chromatographic separation of ballpoint pen ink into its constituent component dyes has proved a highly productive method, not only for the comparison of inks but also for the matching of an ink to a database of chromatograms (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is widely used as it is rapid and requires no sophisticated instrumentation (1,5).…”

Organic and inorganic discrimination of ballpoint pen inks by ToF-SIMS and multivariate statistics

“…Once non-destructive techniques have been exhausted, destructive techniques are often used if further discrimination is required such as thin layer chromatography (TLC) and highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [5,7,18,28,29]. TLC has been used with higher discriminating power than other standard forensic protocols, such as microspectrophotometry and filtered light examinations [30] and new image analysis software may further refine the discrimination [31].…”

Forensic discrimination of blue ballpoint pen inks based on thin layer chromatography and image analysis

“…Removal of a small section of the ink line followed by solvent extraction of the ink opens up more avenues of analysis. Analytical techniques such as thin layer chromatography, highperformance liquid chromatography, infrared spectroscopy (IR), and capillary electrophoresis have been applied to the analysis of inks [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”