Development and Usability Testing of a Consultation System for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening

Abstract

This study aims to develop a novel web-based decision support system for diabetic retinopathy screening and classification of eye fundus images for medical officers. The research delivers diabetic retinopathy information with a webbased environment according to the needs of the users. The proposed research also intends to evaluate the developed system usability to the target users. The complex characteristics of diabetic retinopathy signs contribute to the difficulty in detecting diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, professional and skilled retinal screeners are required to produce accurate diabetic retinopathy detection and diagnosis. The proposed system assists the communication and consultation among the medical experts in the hospital and the primary health cares located at the health clinics. The agile software development model is the methodology used for the development of this research project. The project collaborates with the Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Melaka, Malaysia for the medical content expertise and testing. Representative medical officers from Hospital Melaka and all the public health clinics in Melaka were involved in the preliminary study and system testing. This research study consists of a web development producing an interactive web-based application of diabetic retinopathy consultation which comprises image processing and editing features as a core of the system. It is envisaged that this research project will contribute to the management of diabetic retinopathy screening among medical officers.

Heuristic Evaluation and Usability Testing of G-MoMo Applications

“…The discussion of the results for the usability testing of the G-MoMo applications is: The users found it easy to learn how to use the G-MoMo applications, thus, enhancing their performance. This finding is also reported in earlier studies by (A'bas et al, 2021;Al-Gayar et al, 2021;Byun et al, 2020), where they found that the systems were easy to learn. The G-MoMo applications were highly effective because they allowed mobile money subscribers to complete the tasks accurately to achieve their specified goals.…”

“…The G-MoMo applications are efficient since users take less time to complete tasks accurately. This reconfirmed the results of earlier studies by (A'bas et al, 2021;Hussain and Omar, 2020;Lowe et al, 2021;Zakaria et al, 2020), where they found the applications efficient for the users. The users also agreed that they would remember navigating between G-MoMo applications pages the next time they use it.…”

“…The users achieved satisfaction with the features, functionalities, design, information and display quality of the G-MoMo applications. This finding was also reported in earlier studies by (A'bas et al, 2021;Al-Gayar et al, 2021;Lowe et al, 2021;Putri et al, 2021), where they observed that the users were satisfied with the applications' functionalities and design. The participants mentioned that the G-MoMo applications were easy to use, which helped them achieve satisfaction.…”

“…The G-MoMo applications were highly effective because they allowed mobile money subscribers to complete the tasks accurately to achieve their specified goals. This finding is logical to the studies by (A'bas et al, 2021;Byun et al, 2020;Lowe et al, 2021). The overall usability testing result is positive for the effectiveness of applications.…”

Development of a secure multi-factor authentication algorithm for mobile money applications

“…Abidin et al (2019) recommended that applications must have help and documentation features explained in simple language and easily accessible. It was reported that the usability testing result showed that the native G-MoMo applications were highly efficient because mobile money subscribers could take less time to complete the given tasks accurately (Lynn et al, 2020;Byun et al, 2020;Hussain et al, 2020;Zakaria et al, 2020;Sukmasetya et al, 2020;Tyas & Khairunisa, 2020;Emanuela et al, 2020;Mubeen et al, 2020;A'bas et al, 2021;Putri et al, 2021).…”